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In this paper, we apply techniques of ensemble analysis to understand the political baseline for Congressional representation in Colorado. We generate a large random sample of reasonable redistricting plans and determine the partisan…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2021-03-25 Jeanne Clelland , Haley Colgate , Daryl DeFord , Beth Malmskog , Flavia Sancier-Barbosa

The 2020 decennial census data resulted in an increase from one to two congressional representatives in the state of Montana. The state underwent its redistricting process in 2021 in time for the November 2022 congressional elections,…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-02-07 Kelly McKinnie , Erin Szalda-Petree

This article expands on the redistricting algorithm proposed by Chen and Rodden (2015) for states with fewer than eight congressional districts, populations highly concentrated in urban areas, or state laws that require preservation of…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2025-08-11 Stefanie G. Wang , Nathaniel C. Merrill

We develop methods to evaluate whether a political districting accurately represents the will of the people. To explore and showcase our ideas, we concentrate on the congressional districts for the U.S. House of representatives and use the…

This article introduces the 50stateSimulations, a collection of simulated congressional districting plans and underlying code developed by the Algorithm-Assisted Redistricting Methodology (ALARM) Project. The 50stateSimulations allow for…

The process of legislative redistricting in New Hampshire, along with many other states across the country, was particularly contentious during the 2020 census cycle. In this paper we present an ensemble analysis of the enacted districts to…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-09-12 Atticus McWhorter , Daryl DeFord

Using an ensemble of redistricting plans, we evaluate whether a given political districting faithfully represents the geo-political landscape. Redistricting plans are sampled by a Monte Carlo algorithm from a probability distribution that…

Ensemble analysis has become central to redistricting litigation, but parameter effects remain understudied. We analyze 315 ReCom ensembles across the three legislative chambers in 7 states, systematically varying the population tolerance,…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2025-05-28 Kristopher Tapp , Todd Proebsting , Alec Ramsay

As a case study into an algorithmic approach to congressional districting, North Carolina provides a lot to explore. Statistical modeling has called into question whether recent North Carolina district plans are unbiased. In particular, the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-11-21 Jimmy Risk , Jennifer Switkes , Ann Zhang

The recent wave of attention to partisan gerrymandering has come with a push to refine or replace the laws that govern political redistricting around the country. A common element in several states' reform efforts has been the inclusion of…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2020-05-27 Daryl DeFord , Moon Duchin , Justin Solomon

Redistricting efforts have gathered contemporary attention in both popular and scholarly debates, particularly in the United States where efforts to redraw congressional districts to favor either of the two major parties in 12 states --…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Michael C. Chavrimootoo , Aidan Jeansonne

Political actors often manipulate redistricting plans to gain electoral advantages, a process known as gerrymandering. Several states have implemented institutional reforms to address this problem, such as establishing map-drawing…

应用统计 · 统计学 2025-08-12 Cory McCartan , Christopher T. Kenny , Tyler Simko , Emma Ebowe , Michael Y. Zhao , Kosuke Imai

We introduce a non-partisan probability distribution on congressional redistricting of North Carolina which emphasizes the equal partition of the population and the compactness of districts. When random districts are drawn and the results…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2014-11-03 Jonathan C. Mattingly , Christy Vaughn

To audit political district maps for partisan gerrymandering, one may determine a baseline for the expected distribution of partisan outcomes by sampling an ensemble of maps. One approach to sampling is to use redistricting policy as a…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Zhanzhan Zhao , Cyrus Hettle , Swati Gupta , Jonathan Mattingly , Dana Randall , Gregory Herschlag

We use voting precinct and election data to analyze the political geography of New Hampshire and Maine. We find that the location of dividing line between Congressional districts in both states are significantly different than what we would…

Ensemble analysis has become an important tool for quantifying gerrymandering; the main idea is to generate a large, random sample of districting plans (an "ensemble") to which any proposed plan may be compared. If a proposed plan is an…

This paper is to obtain a simple dividing-diagram of the congressional districts, where the only limit is that each district should contain the same population if possibly. In order to solve this problem, we introduce three different…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2007-08-17 Pan Kai , Tan Yue , Jiang Sheng

In legislative redistricting, most states draw their House and Senate maps separately. Ohio and Wisconsin require that their Senate districts be made with a 3:1 nesting rule, i.e., out of triplets of adjacent House districts. We seek to…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Christopher Donnay

Congressional district lines in many U.S. states are drawn by partisan actors, raising concerns about gerrymandering. To separate the partisan effects of redistricting from the effects of other factors including geography and redistricting…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2024-01-15 Christopher T. Kenny , Cory McCartan , Tyler Simko , Shiro Kuriwaki , Kosuke Imai

Deciding whether a political districting plan was distorted by a hidden agenda, or whether it dilutes the voting power of some group, requires a neutral baseline for comparison. Remarkably, all nine U.S. Supreme Court justices have now…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2025-11-18 Sarah Cannon , Moon Duchin , Dana Randall , Parker Rule
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