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A minority process in a weighted graph is a dynamically changing coloring. Each node repeatedly changes its color in order to minimize the sum of weighted conflicts with its neighbors. We study the number of steps until such a process…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2019-02-05 Pál András Papp , Roger Wattenhofer

We study the minimization of the expected costs under stochastic constraint at the terminal time. The first and the main result says that for a power type of costs, the value function is the minimal positive solution of a second order…

概率论 · 数学 2020-01-28 Yan Dolinsky , Benjamin Gottesman , Ori Gurel-Gurevich

In this paper we introduce a class of regular bipartite graphs whose biadjacency matrices are circulant matrices and we describe some of their properties. Notably, we compute upper and lower bounds for the zero forcing number for such a…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-11-29 Seth A. Meyer

In this paper we investigate the connectedness and the isomorphism problems for zig-zag products of two graphs. A sufficient condition for the zig-zag product of two graphs to be connected is provided, reducing to the study of the…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-03-10 Daniele D'Angeli , Alfredo Donno , Ecaterina Sava-Huss

A connected forcing set of a graph is a zero forcing set that induces a connected subgraph. In this paper, we introduce and study CF-dense graphs -- graphs in which every vertex belongs to some minimum connected forcing set. We identify…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-16 Boris Brimkov , Randy Davila , Houston Schuerger

Let $G$ be a graph that admits a perfect matching. A {\sf forcing set} for a perfect matching $M$ of $G$ is a subset $S$ of $M$, such that $S$ is contained in no other perfect matching of $G$. This notion originally arose in chemistry in…

组合数学 · 数学 2009-03-17 Peyman Afshani , Hamed Hatami , Ebadollah S. Mahmoodian

In the Minimum Bisection problem, input is a graph $G$ and the goal is to partition the vertex set into two parts $A$ and $B$, such that $||A|-|B|| \le 1$ and the number $k$ of edges between $A$ and $B$ is minimized. This problem can be…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2023-08-22 Tanmay Inamdar , Daniel Lokshtanov , Saket Saurabh , Vaishali Surianarayanan

Interdiction problems are leader-follower games in which the leader is allowed to delete a certain number of edges from the graph in order to maximally impede the follower, who is trying to solve an optimization problem on the impeded…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2013-10-02 Feng Pan , Aaron Schild

The zero forcing number was introduced as a combinatorial bound on the maximum nullity taken over the set of real symmetric matrices that respect the pattern of an underlying graph. The $Z_q$-forcing game is an analog to the standard zero…

Motivated in part by an observation that the zero forcing number for the complement of a tree on $n$ vertices is either $n-3$ or $n-1$ in one exceptional case, we consider the zero forcing number for the complement of more general graphs…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-03-13 Emelie Curl , Shaun Fallat , Ryan Moruzzi , Carolyn Reinhart , Derek Young

A purely state-dependent cost function can be modified by introducing a control-dependent term rewarding submaximal control utilization. A moderation incentive is identically zero on the boundary of the admissible control region and…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2010-01-05 Debra Lewis

Given a graph $G$, the zero forcing number of $G$, $Z(G)$, is the smallest cardinality of any set $S$ of vertices on which repeated applications of the forcing rule results in all vertices being in $S$. The forcing rule is: if a vertex $v$…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-09-21 Aidan Johnson , Andrew E. Vick , Darren A. Narayan

We introduce $\ell$-leaky positive semidefinite forcing and the $\ell$-leaky positive semidefinite number of a graph, $Z_{(\ell)}^+{G}$, which combines the positive semidefinite color change rule with the addition of leaks to the graph.…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-07-30 Olivia Elias , Ian Farish , Emrys King , Josh Kyei , Ryan Moruzzi

Power domination in graphs arises from the problem of monitoring an electric power system by placing as few measurement devices in the system as possible. A power dominating set of a graph is a set of vertices that observes every vertex in…

A forcing set for a perfect matching of a graph is defined as a subset of the edges of that perfect matching such that there exists a unique perfect matching containing it. A complete forcing set for a graph is a subset of its edges, such…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-09-27 Javad B. Ebrahimi , Aref Nemayande , Elahe Tohidi

In this paper, we initiate the study of the vertex coloring problem of a graph in the semi streaming model. In this model, the input graph is defined by a stream of edges, arriving in adversarial order and any algorithm must process the…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2018-07-26 Suman Kalyan Bera , Prantar Ghosh

Consider a graph whose vertices are colored in one of two colors, say black or white. A white vertex is called integrated if it has at least as many black neighbors as white neighbors, and similarly for a black vertex. The coloring as a…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-10 Charles Burnette , Broden Caton , Olivia Coward , Julian Davis , Austin Teter

In graph coloring problems, the goal is to assign a positive integer color to each vertex of an input graph such that adjacent vertices do not receive the same color assignment. For classic graph coloring, the goal is to minimize the…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2016-10-11 Joan Boyar , Leah Epstein , Lene M. Favrholdt , Kim S. Larsen , Asaf Levin

Let $G$ be a simple and finite graph without isolated vertices. In this paper we study forcing sets (zero forcing sets) which induce a subgraph of $G$ without isolated vertices. Such a set is called a total forcing set, introduced and first…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-02-28 Randy Davila , Michael A. Henning

The semi-random graph process is a single player game in which the player is initially presented an empty graph on $n$ vertices. In each round, a vertex $u$ is presented to the player independently and uniformly at random. The player then…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-07-11 Paweł Prałat , Harjas Singh