相关论文: Dirac plus Nambu Monopoles in the Standard Model

We extend Dirac's `extensible model of the electron' to include spin and family. $U(1)_{e.m.}$ charge conservation on the bubble is translated into a secondary $U(1)_{g}$ world-manifold gauge principle. Reflecting the secondary magnetic…

We analyze a composite Higgs model based on the confining $SU(3)$ gauge theory with $N_f = 8$ Dirac fermions in the fundamental representation. This gauge theory has been studied on the lattice and shown to be well described by a dilaton…

Dirac in 1931 gave a beautiful argument for the quantization of electric charge, which required only the existence in the universe of one magnetic monopole, because gauge invariance of the interaction between the pole and any charge could…

A simple translation between a standard representation of $\mathfrak{sl}_2\mathbb{C}$ and the complex-quaternions ($\mathbb{H}\otimes_\mathbb{R}\mathbb{C}$) is established and exploited to construct a novel hyper-complex description of the…

Quantum spin liquids host novel emergent excitations, such as monopoles of an emergent gauge field. Here, we study the hierarchy of monopole operators that emerges at quantum critical points (QCPs) between a two-dimensional Dirac spin…

Dirac showed that the existence of one magnetic pole in the universe could offer an explanation for the discrete nature of the electric charge. Magnetic poles appear naturally in most Grand Unified Theories. Their discovery would be of…

We derive the most general first order symmetry operator for the Dirac equation coupled to arbitrary fluxes. Such an operator is given in terms of an inhomogenous form omega which is a solution to a coupled system of first order partial…

The classic question of a nonabelian Yang-Mills analogue to electromagnetic duality is here examined in a minimalist fashion at the strictly 4-dimensional, classical field and point charge level. A generalisation of the abelian Hodge star…

The Dirac monopole is discussed in view of the gauge invariance in Quantum Electrodynamics. It is shown the monopole existence implies the violation of the gauge invariance principle. The monopole field is essentially a longitudinal field…

We analyze the set of magnetic charges carried by smooth BPS monopoles in Yang-Mills-Higgs theory with arbitrary gauge group G spontaneously broken to a subgroup H. The charges are restricted by a generalized Dirac quantization condition…

Integration of the Dirac equation with an external electromagnetic field is explored in the framework of the method of separation of variables and of the method of noncommutative integration. We have found a new type of solutions that are…

The appearance of spontaneous charge order in chemical systems is often associated with the emergence of novel, and useful, properties. Here we show through single crystal diffraction that the Eu ions in the mixed valent metal EuPd$_3$S$_4$…

The magnetic monopole condensate is calculated in the dual Monopole Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with dual Dirac strings suggested in Refs.[1,2] as a functional of the dual Dirac string shape. The calculation is carried out in the tree…

The nature of neutrino mass -- whether neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana particles -- remains one of the central open questions in particle physics. While observation of neutrinoless double beta decay would confirm the Majorana case, the…

The present theory is based on the assumption that at the very small (Planck scale) distances our space-time is discrete, and this discreteness influences on the Planck scale physics. Considering our (3+1)-dimensional space-time as a…

After the electroweak symmetry breaking, we can write down two types of mass for the Standard Model neutrinos, Dirac or Majorana. It is often said that both types of mass cannot be distinguished in neutrino oscillation phenomena. This is in…

We classify certain integrable (both classical and quantum) generalisations of Dirac magnetic monopole on topological sphere $S^2$ with constant magnetic field, completing the previous local results by Ferapontov, Sayles and Veselov. We…

Recent studies on swampland conjectures (e.g. non-SUSY AdS conjecture or AdS distance conjecture) predict that the (lightest) neutrino must be Dirac and the mass must be cosmologically small $m < c \Lambda^{1/4}_{\text{cc}}\sim 10 \…

3D electroweak sphalerons on the lattice are used as test configurations for definitions of various topological defects. In the maximally Abelian gauge they are shown to contain a symmetric array of Abelian monopoles and anti-monopoles…

The general procedure of constructing a consistent covariant Dirac-type bracket for models with mixed first and second class constraints is presented. The proposed scheme essentially relies upon explicit separation of the initial…