相关论文: Microscopic dynamics of the evacuation phenomena

In this article, we investigate the convergence behavior of two classes of gathering protocols with fixed circulant topologies using tools from dynamical systems. Given a fixed number of mobile entities moving in the Euclidean plane, we…

In this paper we present a numerical study of some variations of the Hughes model for pedestrian flow under different types of congestion effects. The general model consists of a coupled non-linear PDE system involving an eikonal equation…

We present a simplified dynamical model of the ``Bullet'' system of two colliding clusters. The model constrains the masses of the system by requiring that the orbits of the main and sub components satisfy the cosmological initial…

We investigate the effect of groups on a bi-directional flow, by using novel computational methods. Our focus is on self-organisation phenomena, and more specifically on the time needed for the occurrence of pedestrian lanes, their…

We investigate dynamical properties of traffic flow using the stochastic car-following model with modified optimal velocity on circular road. The safety distance following the two-second rule and autonomous vehicles, acting as agents,…

The emergence of the Braess' paradox in road traffic systems demonstrates the positive effect of transportation planning in improving efficiency. By contrast, the phenomenon has rarely been examined in pedestrian evacuation traffic. Yet the…

We investigate the role of conflicts in pedestrian traffic, i.e. situations where two or more people try to enter the same space. Therefore a recently introduced cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics is extended by a friction…

Despite the vast amount of studies on pedestrian flow, the data concerning high densities are still very inadequate. We organize one large-scale pedestrian flow experiment on a ring corridor. With 278 participants, the density as high as 9…

Emergency evacuation describes a complex situation involving time-critical decision-making by evacuees. Mobile robots are being actively explored as a potential solution to provide timely guidance. In this work, we study a robot-guided…

In this work we investigate the behaviour of a human crowd in a cross-flow. We first analyse the results of a set of controlled experiments in which subjects were divided into two groups, in such a way to explore different density settings,…

Individual differences in mobility (e.g., due to wheelchair use) are often ignored in the prediction of crowd movement. Consequently, engineering tools cannot fully describe the impact of vulnerable populations on egress performance. To…

Natural flocks (aligned) and swarms (non-aligned) both exhibit features of near-criticality, challenging their treatment as two ends of the same phase transition. We present a model for the aggregation of active individuals, in which their…

We study a system of interacting self-propelled particles whose walking velocity depends on the stage of the locomotion cycle. The model introduces a phase equation in the optimal velocity model for vehicular traffic. We find that the…

Collective behavior of people in large groups and emergent crowd dynamics can have dangerous and disastrous results when panic is introduced. These events can be caused by emergency situations such as fires in a large building or a…

In this paper, we investigate disparities in pedestrian crossing behaviors within static and dynamic crowds through experimental analysis. First, qualitative trajectory observations revealed significant behavioral differences in static and…

Crowd movements are observed among different species and on different scales, from insects to mammals, as well as in non-cognitive systems, such as motile cells. When forced to escape through a narrow opening, most terrestrial animals…

Mathematical models of pedestrian evacuation and the associated simulation software have become essential tools for the assessment of the safety of public facilities and buildings. While a variety of models are now available, their…

In animal societies as well as in human crowds, many observed collective behaviours result from self-organized processes based on local interactions among individuals. However, models of crowd dynamics are still lacking a systematic…

In this work we studied the trajectories, velocities and densities of ants when egressing under controlled levels of stress produced by a chemical repellent at different concentrations. We found that, unlike other animals escaping under…

In an emergency situation, the evacuation of a large crowd from a complex building can become slow or even dangerous without a working evacuation plan. The use of rescue guides that lead the crowd out of the building can improve the…