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Memristors close the loop for I-V characteristics of the traditional, passive, semi-conductor devices. Originally proposed in 1971, the hunt for the memristor has been going ever since. The key feature of a memristor is that its current…

Memory effects are ubiquitous in nature and are particularly relevant at the nanoscale where the dynamical properties of electrons and ions strongly depend on the history of the system, at least within certain time scales. We review here…

Memristors are passive elements that allow us to store information using a single element per bit. However, this is not the only utility of the memristor. Considering the physical chemical structure of the element used, the memristor can…

It is now widely accepted that memristive devices are perfect candidates for the emulation of biological synapses in neuromorphic systems. This is mainly because of the fact that like the strength of synapse, memristance of the memristive…

The memristive device is one of the basic elements of novel, brain-inspired, fast, and energy-efficient information processing systems in which there is no separation between memorization and information analysis functions. Since the first…

We present both an overview and a perspective of recent experimental advances and proposed new approaches to performing computation using memristors. A memristor is a 2-terminal passive component with a dynamic resistance depending on an…

Adaptive response to a varying environment is a common feature of biological organisms. Reproducing such features in electronic systems and circuits is of great importance for a variety of applications. Here, we consider memory models…

Memristors are continuously tunable resistors that emulate synapses. Conceptualized in the 1970s, they traditionally operate by voltage-induced displacements of matter, but the mechanism remains controversial. Purely electronic memristors…

The memristor, the recently discovered fundamental circuit element, is of great interest for neuromorphic computing, nonlinear electronics and computer memory. It is usually modelled either using Chua's equations, which lack material device…

Memristors are an electronic device whose resistance depends on the voltage history that has been applied to its two terminals. Despite its clear advantage as a computational element, a suitable transport model is lacking for the special…

The potential of memristive devices is often seeing in implementing neuromorphic architectures for achieving brain-like computation. However, the designing procedures do not allow for extended manipulation of the material, unlike CMOS…

It is noticed that the inductive and capacitive features of the memristor reflect (and are a quintessence of) such features of any resistor. The very presence in the resistive characteristic v = f(i) of the voltage and current state…

Memristors can mimic the functions of biological synapse, where it can simultaneously store the synaptic weight and modulate the transmitted signal. Here, we report Nb/Nb2O5/Pt based memristors with bipolar resistive switching, exhibiting…

We discuss the physical properties of realistic memristive, memcapacitive and meminductive systems. In particular, by employing the well-known theory of response functions and microscopic derivations, we show that resistors, capacitors and…

Several abilities of biological systems, such as adaptation to natural environment, or of animals to learn patterns when appropriately trained, are features that are extremely useful, if emulated by electronic circuits, in applications…

A memristor is a two-terminal nanodevice that its properties attract a wide community of researchers from various domains such as physics, chemistry, electronics, computer and neuroscience.The simple structure for manufacturing, small…

Nanoscale resistive switching devices (memristive devices or memristors) have been studied for a number of applications ranging from non-volatile memory, logic to neuromorphic systems. However a major challenge is to address the potentially…

Memristive circuit elements constitute a cornerstone for novel electronic applications, such as neuromorphic computing, called to revolutionize information technologies. By definition, memristors are sensitive to the history of electrical…

Recently, it was shown that the amoeba-like cell {\it Physarum polycephalum} when exposed to a pattern of periodic environmental changes learns and adapts its behavior in anticipation of the next stimulus to come. Here we show that such…

Recently, in addition to the well-known resistor, capacitor and inductor, a fourth passive circuit element, named memristor, has been identified following theoretical predictions. The model example used in such case consisted in a nanoscale…