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Recent years have enjoyed a strong interest in exploring properties and applications of random quantum circuits. In this work, we explore the ensemble of $t$-doped Clifford circuits on $n$ qubits, consisting of Clifford circuits…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-06 Lorenzo Leone , Salvatore F. E. Oliviero , Alioscia Hamma , Jens Eisert , Lennart Bittel

The applications of random quantum circuits range from quantum computing and quantum many-body systems to the physics of black holes. Many of these applications are related to the generation of quantum pseudorandomness: Random quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-09-14 Jonas Haferkamp

Given a universal gate set on two qubits, it is well known that applying random gates from the set to random pairs of qubits will eventually yield an approximately Haar-distributed unitary. However, this requires exponential time. We show…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 Aram W. Harrow , Richard A. Low

A unitary t-design is a set of unitaries that is "evenly distributed" in the sense that the average of any t-th order polynomial over the design equals the average over the entire unitary group. In various fields -- e.g. quantum information…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-09-28 Huangjun Zhu , Richard Kueng , Markus Grassl , David Gross

While implementing a quantum algorithm it is crucial to reduce the quantum resources, in order to obtain the desired computational advantage. For most fault-tolerant quantum error-correcting codes the cost of implementing the non-Clifford…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-02-10 Vlad Gheorghiu , Michele Mosca , Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

Unitary $k$-designs are finite ensembles of unitary matrices that approximate the Haar distribution over unitary matrices. Several ensembles are known to be 2-designs, including the uniform distribution over the Clifford group, but no…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-11-10 Zak Webb

Randomness is a fundamental resource in quantum information, with crucial applications in cryptography, algorithms, and error correction. A central challenge is to construct unitary $k$-designs that closely approximate Haar-random unitaries…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-10 Lennart Bittel , Lorenzo Leone

Unitary t-designs are some of the most versatile tools in quantum information theory. Their applications range from randomized benchmarking and shadow tomography, to more fundamental ones such as emulating quantum chaos and establishing…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-04 Namit Anand , Jeffrey Marshall , Jason Saied , Eleanor Rieffel , Andrea Morello

Unitary t-designs are distributions on the unitary group whose first t moments appear maximally random. Previous work has established several upper bounds on the depths at which certain specific random quantum circuit ensembles approximate…

Unitary $t$-designs are a ubiquitous tool in many research areas, including randomized benchmarking, quantum process tomography, and scrambling. Despite the intensive efforts of many researchers, little is known about unitary $t$-designs…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-01-09 Huangjun Zhu

This thesis discusses the young fields of quantum pseudo-randomness and quantum learning algorithms. We present techniques for derandomising algorithms to decrease randomness resource requirements and improve efficiency. One key object in…

量子物理 · 物理学 2010-06-29 Richard A. Low

The capacity to randomly pick a unitary across the whole unitary group is a powerful tool across physics and quantum information. A unitary $t$-design is designed to tackle this challenge in an efficient way, yet constructions to date rely…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-02-19 Rawad Mezher , Joe Ghalbouni , Joseph Dgheim , Damian Markham

Local random circuits scramble efficiently and accordingly have a range of applications in quantum information and quantum dynamics. With a global $U(1)$ charge however, the scrambling ability is reduced; for example, such random circuits…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-04-23 Sumner N. Hearth , Michael O. Flynn , Anushya Chandran , Chris R. Laumann

Standard randomized benchmarking protocols entail sampling from a unitary 2 design, which is not always practical. In this article we examine randomized benchmarking protocols based on subgroups of the Clifford group that are not unitary 2…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-06-20 Winton G. Brown , Bryan Eastin

We provide new constructions of unitary $t$-designs for general $t$ on one qudit and $N$ qubits, and propose a design Hamiltonian, a random Hamiltonian of which dynamics always forms a unitary design after a threshold time, as a basic…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-04-25 Yoshifumi Nakata , Christoph Hirche , Masato Koashi , Andreas Winter

We have generalized the well-known statement that the Clifford group is a unitary 3-design into symmetric cases by extending the notion of unitary design. Concretely, we have proven that a symmetric Clifford group is a symmetric unitary…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-27 Yosuke Mitsuhashi , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Random unitaries are a central object of study in quantum information, with applications to quantum computation, quantum many-body physics, and quantum cryptography. Recent work has constructed unitary designs and pseudorandom unitaries…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-09-29 Ben Foxman , Natalie Parham , Francisca Vasconcelos , Henry Yuen

We propose two Clifford+$T$ synthesis algorithms that are optimal with respect to $T$-count. The first algorithm, called deterministic synthesis, approximates any single-qubit unitary by a single-qubit Clifford+$T$ circuit with the minimum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-09 Hayata Morisaki , Kaoru Sano , Seiseki Akibue

In this work, we study distributions of unitaries generated by random quantum circuits containing only symmetry-respecting gates. We develop a unified approach applicable to all symmetry groups and obtain an equation that determines the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-16 Hanqing Liu , Austin Hulse , Iman Marvian

We study efficient generations of random diagonal-unitary matrices, an ensemble of unitary matrices diagonal in a given basis with randomly distributed phases for their eigenvalues. Despite the simple algebraic structure, they cannot be…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-01-31 Yoshifumi Nakata , Mio Murao
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