相关论文: A Method Expanding 2 by 2 Contingency Table by Obt…

Bayesian sample size calculations in clinical trials usually rely on complex Monte Carlo simulations in practice. Obtaining bounds on Bayesian notions of the false-positive rate and power often lack closed-form or approximate numerical…

To improve the efficiency of Monte Carlo estimation, practitioners are turning to biased Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures that trade off asymptotic exactness for computational speed. The reasoning is sound: a reduction in variance due to…

In contingency table analysis, the odds ratio is a commonly applied measure used to summarize the degree of association between two categorical variables, say R and S. Suppose now that for each individual in the table, a vector of…

Bayesian analysis often concerns an evaluation of models with different dimensionality as is necessary in, for example, model selection or mixture models. To facilitate this evaluation, transdimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)…

We describe an algorithm for the sequential sampling of entries in multiway contingency tables with given constraints. The algorithm can be used for computations in exact conditional inference. To justify the algorithm, a theory relates…

Analysis of 2 by 2 tables and two-sample survival data has been widely used. Exact calculation is computational intractable for conditional likelihood inference in odds ratio models with large marginals in 2 by 2 tables, or partial…

In the analysis of square contingency tables with ordered categories, it is essential to assess deviations from marginal homogeneity (MH) when marginal equivalency between row and column variables does not hold. Some measures for evaluating…

Biomarker subpopulations have become increasingly important for drug development in targeted therapies. The use of biomarkers has the potential to facilitate more effective outcomes by guiding patient selection appropriately, thus enhancing…

Observational studies can play a useful role in assessing the comparative effectiveness of competing treatments. In a clinical trial the randomization of participants to treatment and control groups generally results in well-balanced groups…

The EU Solvency II directive recommends insurance companies to pay more attention to the risk management methods. The sense of risk management is the ability to quantify risk and apply methods that reduce uncertainty. In life insurance, the…

We present a new approach for random sampling of contingency tables of any size and constraints based on a recently introduced $\textit{probabilistic divide-and-conquer}$ technique. A simple exact sampling algorithm is presented for…

Methods for causal inference are well developed for binary and continuous exposures, but in many settings, the exposure has a substantial mass at zero-such exposures are called semi-continuous. We propose a general causal framework for such…

Despite recent progress in predicting biomarker trajectories from real clinical data, uncertainty in the predictions poses high-stakes risks (e.g., misdiagnosis) that limit their clinical deployment. To enable safe and reliable use of such…

Type 2 Diabetes is a fast-growing, chronic metabolic disorder due to imbalanced insulin activity.The motion of this research is a comparative study of seven machine learning classifiers and an artificial neural network method to…

Motivated by a study about prompt coronary angiography in myocardial infarction, we propose a method to estimate the causal effect of a treatment in two-arm experimental studies with possible non-compliance in both treatment and control…

Estimating the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome is an important task in many economical and biological studies. Mendelian randomization, in particular, uses genetic variants as instruments to estimate causal effects in…

A Monte Carlo algorithm is said to be adaptive if it automatically calibrates its current proposal distribution using past simulations. The choice of the parametric family that defines the set of proposal distributions is critical for good…

Age dependent performance disparities in medical image classification often arise because age acts as a confounder, linking imaging morphology with disease prevalence. In practice, disparities can manifest as overdiagnosis at ages where…

Sequential Monte Carlo methods, also known as particle methods, are a popular set of techniques for approximating high-dimensional probability distributions and their normalizing constants. These methods have found numerous applications in…

We study the geometric structure of the statistical models for two-by-two contingency tables. One or two odds ratios are fixed and the corresponding models are shown to be a portion of a ruled quadratic surface or a segment. Some pointers…