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Multi-Factor Authentication is intended to strengthen the security of password-based authentication by adding another factor, such as hardware tokens or one-time passwords using mobile apps. However, this increased authentication security…

Most scientists are aware that, in addition to the traditional and subscription-based publication model, there is also the possibility of publishing their research in open access. Various surveys show that scientists are in favour of this…

Two-factor authentication (2FA) schemes that rely on a combination of knowledge factors (e.g., PIN) and device possession have gained popularity. Some of these schemes remain secure even against strong adversaries that (a) observe the…

Gamification is the use of game elements such as points, leaderboards, and badges in a non-game context to encourage a desired behavior from individuals interacting with an environment. Recently, gamification has found its way into software…

Before the computer age, games were played in the physical world where players would have to interact with real objects and each other, triggering a series of emotions. Nowadays, the computer games have become one of the most popular forms…

Human-like agents are an increasingly important topic in games and beyond. Believable non-player characters enhance the gaming experience by improving immersion and providing entertainment. They also offer players the opportunity to engage…

Games are challenging for Reinforcement Learning~(RL) agents due to their reward-sparsity, as rewards are only obtainable after long sequences of deliberate actions. Intrinsic Motivation~(IM) methods -- which introduce exploration rewards…

Reinforcement learning has enabled agents to solve challenging tasks in unknown environments. However, manually crafting reward functions can be time consuming, expensive, and error prone to human error. Competing objectives have been…

Videogames are nowadays one of the biggest entertainment industries in the world. Being part of this industry means competing against lots of other companies and developers, thus, making fanbases of vital importance. They are a group of…

Creating human digital doubles is becoming easier and much more accessible to everyone using consumer grade devices. In this work, we investigate how avatar style (realistic vs cartoon) and avatar familiarity (self, acquaintance, unknown…

Video Games are boring when they are too easy, and frustrating when they are too hard. In terms of providing game experience such as enjoyment to the player by match players with different levels of ability to player ability, We assume that…

Today, two-factor authentication (2FA) is a widely implemented mechanism to counter phishing attacks. Although much effort has been investigated in 2FA, most 2FA systems are still vulnerable to carefully designed phishing attacks, and some…

As AI becomes increasingly embedded in digital games, players' attitudes de-pend not only on whether AI is used, but also on where and how it intervenes in gameplay. This study examines players' evaluative patterns toward eight AI…

Despite being more secure and strongly promoted, two-factor (2FA) or multi-factor (MFA) schemes either fail to protect against recent phishing threats such as real-time MITM, controls/relay MITM, malicious browser extension-based phishing…

We present Dual-Feedback Actor (DFA), a reinforcement learning algorithm that fuses both individual rewards and pairwise preferences (if available) into a single update rule. DFA uses the policy's log-probabilities directly to model the…

In repeated games, such as auctions, players rely on autonomous learning agents to choose their actions. We study settings in which players have their agents make monetary transfers to other agents during play at their own expense, in order…

This study investigates the effectiveness of multifactor authentication (MFA) in protecting commercial accounts from unauthorized access, with an additional focus on accounts with known credential leaks. We employ the benchmark-multiplier…

Approximately 61% of cyber attacks involve adversaries in possession of valid credentials. Attackers acquire credentials through various means, including phishing, dark web data drops, password reuse, etc. Multi-factor authentication (MFA)…

Gamification initiatives are currently top-of-mind for many organizations seeking to engage their employees in creative ways, improve their productivity, and drive positive behavioural outcomes in their workforce - ultimately leading to…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard approach for post-training large language models and, more recently, for improving image generation models, which uses reward functions to enhance generation quality and human preference…