相关论文: The Gauss Law: A Tale

We suggest that proper variables for the description of non-Abelian theories are those gauge invariant ones which keep the invariance of the winding number functional with respect to topologically nontrivial (large) gauge transformations.…

We discuss a simple but instructive model in which Gauss' law holds for a class of charged states. In spite of the non-localizability of these charges, the corresponding superselection sectors can be labelled by the spectrum of some…

We show how the widely used concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking can be explained in causal perturbation theory by introducing a perturbative version of quantum gauge invariance. Perturbative gauge invariance, formulated exclusively by…

A nonlinear integral equation that is responsible for the implementation of the non-Abelian Gauss's law is applied to an investigation of the topological features of two-color QCD and to a discussion of their relation to QCD dynamics. We…

Within the framework of the universal algebra of the electromagnetic field, the impact of globally neutral configurations of external charges on the field is analyzed. External charges are not affected by the field, but they induce…

A dual action is obtained for a general non-abelian and non-supersymmetric gauge theory at the classical level. The construction follows steps similar to those used in pure abelian gauge theory. As an example we study the spontaneously…

Grand unified theory defined on higher-dimensional orbifolds provides a new way to solve the hierarchy problem. In gauge theory on an orbifold many different sets of boundary conditions imposed at orbifold fixed points (branes) are related…

We discuss topologically massive QED --- the Abelian gauge theory in which (2+1)-dimensional QED with a Chern-Simons term is minimally coupled to a spinor field. We quantize the theory in covariant gauges, and construct a class of unitary…

Gauge theories on manifolds with spatial boundaries are studied. It is shown that observables localized at the boundaries (edge observables) can occur in such models irrespective of the dimensionality of spacetime. The intimate connection…

The concepts of symmetry, symmetry breaking and gauge symmetries are discussed, their operational meaning being displayed by the observables {\em and} the (physical) states. For infinitely extended systems the states fall into physically…

It might be expected that only global symmetries are fundamental symmetries of Nature, whereas local symmetries and associated massless gauge fields could solely emerge due to spontaneous breaking of underlying spacetime symmetries…

The quantum Gauss Law as an interacting field equation is a prominent feature of QED with eminent impact on its algebraic and superselection structure. It forces charged particles to be accompanied by "photon clouds" that cannot be realized…

We consider the generators of gauge transformations with test functions which do not vanish on the boundary of a spacelike region of interest. These are known to generate the edge degrees of freedom in a gauge theory. In this paper, we…

A generalisation of existing SU(2) results is obtained. In particular, the source-free Gauss law for SU(3)-valued gauge fields is solved using a non-Abelian analogue of the Poincare lemma. When sources are present, the colour-electric field…

"Equivalent unconstrained systems" for QCD obtained by resolving the Gauss law are discussed. We show that the effects of hadronization, confinement, spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and $\eta_0$-meson mass can be hidden in solutions of…

Gauge-invariance is a mathematical concept that has profound implications in Physics---as it provides the justification of the fundamental interactions. It was recently adapted to the Cellular Automaton (CA) framework, in a restricted case.…

The concept of (global) gauge symmetry breaking plays an important role in many areas of physics. Since the corresponding symmetry is a gauge symmetry, its breaking is actually gauge-dependent. Thus, it is possible to design gauges which…

Gauge symmetries play a fundamental role in Physics, as they provide a mathematical justification for the fundamental forces. Usually, one starts from a non-interactive theory which governs `matter', and features a global symmetry. One then…

This paper is devoted to the proof Gauss' divergence theorem in the framework of "ultrafunctions". They are a new kind of generalized functions, which have been introduced recently [2] and developed in [4], [5] and [6]. Their peculiarity is…

We show that both abelian and non-abelian gauge theories admit configurations in which the fields behave as if in the presence of static charge densities, or ``shadow charges". These correspond to nontrivial initial conditions for the…