相关论文: The Gauss Law: A Tale

Scalar field theories with particular U(1)-symmetric potentials contain non-topological soliton solutions called Q-balls. Promoting the U(1) to a gauge symmetry leads to the more complicated situation of gauged Q-balls. The soliton…

We discuss phases of gauge theories in the holographic context, and formulate a criterion for the existence of a Higgs phase, where the gauge redundancy is "spontaneously broken", in purely bulk language. This condition, the existence of a…

Gauge invariance was discovered in the development of classical electromagnetism and was required when the latter was formulated in terms of the scalar and vector potentials. It is now considered to be a fundamental principle of nature,…

We consider a new effective symmetry that acts on a gauge invariant Lagrangian. We show that the standard model after spontaneous symmetry breakdown is invariant under this symmetry which identifies up to a scale factor the gauge parameter…

Phenomenological evidence suggests the existence of non-trivial background fields in the QCD vacuum. On the other hand SU(3) gauge theory possessses three different classes of both non-generic and non-trivial strata that may be used as…

Gauge theories form the basis of our understanding of modern physics - ranging from the description of quarks and gluons to effective models in condensed matter physics. In the non-perturbative regime, gauge theories are conventionally…

The Gaussian Effective Potential (GEP) is derived for the non-Abelian SU(2)xU(1) gauge theory of electroweak interactions. First the problem of gauge invariance is addressed in the Abelian U(1) theory, where an optimized GEP is shown to be…

In a previous work [1], we have argued that the algebra of non-abelian superselection rules is spontaneously broken to its maximal abelian subalgebra, that is, the algebra generated by its completing commuting set (the two Casimirs and a…

Motivated by recent works on ``Higgsless theories,'' I discuss an $SU(2)_0\times SU(2)^{N}\times U(1)$ gauge theory with arbitrary bifundamental (or custodial SU(2) preserving) symmetry breaking between the gauge subgroups and with ordinary…

We briefly review the properties of the N=2 U(N) gauge model with/without matters. On the vacua, N=2 supersymmetry and the gauge symmetry are spontaneously broken to N=1 and a product gauge group, respectively. The masses of the…

Modeling the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs) through matter is complicated by the gauge freedom of linearized gravity in that once nonlinearities are taken into consideration, gauge artifacts can cause spurious acceleration of the…

In this paper, we consider the sublinear expectation on bounded random variables. With the notion of uncorrelatedness for random variables under the sublinear expectation, a weak law of large numbers is obtained. With the notion of…

Due to the fact that only matter fields have phase, frequently is believed that the gauge principle can induce gauge fields only in quantum systems. But this is not necessary. This paper, of pedagogical scope, presents a classical system…

One of the main features of covariant theories, in particular general relativity, is that the field equation possesses gauge freedom associated with global diffeomorphisms of the underlying manifold. I shall explain here how the hole…

The Standard Model of particle physics is built on the principle of local gauge symmetry. This work provides a pedagogical introduction for advanced undergraduates by using quantum electrodynamics (QED) as the simplest example of a gauge…

Numerous topics in three and four dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories are covered. The organizing principle in this presentation is scaling (Wilsonian renormalization group flow.) A brief introduction to scaling and to supersymmetric…

Our previous study [1] has demonstrated that the gauge theory is a proper framework for characterizing the local temporal and spatial interactions in inhomogeneous elastic media. However, in that study temporal interactions were interpreted…

We review in detail the recently discovered phenomenon of partial spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry in the case of a N=2 pure gauge U(1) theory, and recall how the standard lore no-go theorem is evaded. We discuss the extension of this…

We present a non-perturbative model of Gauge-Higgs Unification. We consider a five-dimensional pure SU(2) gauge theory with orbifold boundary conditions along the fifth dimension, such that the symmetry is reduced to U(1) at the fixed…

We are taught that gauge transformations in classical and quantum mechanics do not change the physics of the problem. Nevertheless here we discuss three broad scenarios where under gauge transformations: (i) conservation laws are not…