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We review the trade-offs between speed, fluctuations, and thermodynamic cost involved with biological processes in nonequilibrium states, and discuss how optimal these processes are in light of the universal bound set by the thermodynamic…

生物物理 · 物理学 2022-02-28 Yonghyun Song , Changbong Hyeon

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) bound the dissipation in non-equilibrium systems from below by fluctuations of an observed current. Contrasting the elaborate techniques employed in existing proofs, we here prove TURs directly…

统计力学 · 物理学 2023-02-27 Cai Dieball , Aljaž Godec

We derive a thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) for first-passage times (FPTs) on continuous time Markov chains. The TUR utilizes the entropy production coming from bidirectional transitions, and the net flux coming from unidirectional…

统计力学 · 物理学 2021-08-11 Arnab Pal , Shlomi Reuveni , Saar Rahav

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) bound the precision of currents by entropy production, but quantum transport of noncommuting (non-Abelian) charges challenges standard formulations because different charge components cannot be…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-01 Domingos S. P. Salazar

In a finite system driven out of equilibrium by a constant external force the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) bounds the variance of the conjugate current variable by the thermodynamic cost of maintaining the non-equilibrium…

统计力学 · 物理学 2021-08-17 David Hartich , Aljaz Godec

We provide a minimal strategy for the quantitative analysis of a large class of non-equilibrium systems in a {statistically} steady state using the short-time Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation (TUR). From short-time trajectory data…

The precision and response of trajectory observables offer valuable insights into the behavior of nonequilibrium systems. For classical systems, trade-offs between these characteristics and thermodynamic costs, such as entropy production…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-10 Tan Van Vu

A universal large $\mathcal{N}$ theory of nonequilibrium fluctuations emerges in the limit of fast jump rates and large occupancies. We use this theory to derive a set of coarse grained thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TUR) -- one of…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-01-12 Ohad Shpielberg , Arnab Pal

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) express a fundamental tradeoff between the precision (inverse scaled variance) of any thermodynamic current by functionals of the average entropy production. Relying on purely variational…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-11-28 Kyle J. Ray , Alexander B. Boyd , Giacomo Guarnieri , James P. Crutchfield

We investigate the thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) in steady-state transport for a multi-terminal system consisting of two conducting terminals and N-2 probe terminals, within the linear response regime under broken time-reversal…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-01-07 Yanchao Zhang , Xinzhi Liu , Xiaolong Lü , Shanhe Su

The thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) provide lower bounds on the entropy production (EP) of a system in terms of the statistical precision of an arbitrary current in that system. All conventional TURs derived so far have concerned…

统计力学 · 物理学 2021-03-19 Gülce Kardeş , David H. Wolpert

Many versions of Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations (TUR) have recently been discovered, which impose lower bounds on relative fluctuations of integrated currents in irreversible dissipative processes, and suggest that there may be…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-06-28 Mingnan Ding , Chen Huang , Xiangjun Xing

A new Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation (TUR) is derived for systems described by linearly coupled Langevin equations in the presence of non-linear frictional forces. In our scheme, the main variable represents the velocity of a particle,…

统计力学 · 物理学 2024-05-09 A. Plati , A. Puglisi , A. Sarracino

In quantum thermodynamics, entropy production is usually defined in terms of the quantum relative entropy between two states. We derive a lower bound for the quantum entropy production in terms of the mean and variance of quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-04-30 Domingos S. P. Salazar

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) delineate tradeoff relations between the thermodynamic cost and the magnitude of an observable's fluctuation. While TURs have been established for various nonequilibrium systems, their…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-06-23 Hyeong-Tark Han , Jae Sung Lee , Jae-Hyung Jeon

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) for underdamped dynamics has intriguing problems while its counterpart for overdamped dynamics has recently been derived. Even for the case of steady states, a proper way to match underdamped and…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-02-02 Chulan Kwon , Youngchae Kwon , Hyun Keun Lee

The trade-off between large power output, high efficiency and small fluctuations in the operation of heat engines has recently received interest in the context of thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs). Here we provide a concrete…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2021-08-04 Sara Kheradsoud , Nastaran Dashti , Maciej Misiorny , Patrick P. Potts , Janine Splettstoesser , Peter Samuelsson

We introduce an example of thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) for systems modeled by a one-dimensional generalised Langevin dynamics with memory, determining the motion of a micro-bead driven in a complex fluid. Contrary to TURs…

统计力学 · 物理学 2020-11-06 Ivan Di Terlizzi , Marco Baiesi

We derive detailed and intergral fluctuation relations as well as a Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation constraining the exchange statistics of an arbitrary number of non-commuting conserved quantities among two quantum systems in transport…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-23 Matteo Scandi , Gonzalo Manzano

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) impose a universal trade-off between current precision and entropy production in autonomous steady states, constraining in particular the power, efficiency, and constancy of heat engines. We…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-03-23 Enrique P. Cital , Viktor Holubec