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Given a permutation $\pi=\pi_1\pi_2\cdots \pi_n \in \mathfrak{S}_n$, we say an index $i$ is a peak if $\pi_{i-1} < \pi_i > \pi_{i+1}$. Let $P(\pi)$ denote the set of peaks of $\pi$. Given any set $S$ of positive integers, define…

This is a straightforward introduction to the properties of polynomials in many variables that do not vanish in the open upper half plane. Such polynomials generalize many of the well-known properties of polynomials with all real roots.

Polynomial interpretations are a useful technique for proving termination of term rewrite systems. They come in various flavors: polynomial interpretations with real, rational and integer coefficients. As to their relationship with respect…

Is it always true that every polynomial P with the degree at least two has a fixed point z0, the real part of whose multiplier is bigger than or equal to 1, i.e., Real part of (P'(z0))> 1? This question, raised by Coelho and Kalantari in…

Many interesting questions in arithmetic dynamics revolve, in one way or another, around the (local and/or global) reducibility behavior of iterates of a polynomial. We show that for very general families of integer polynomials $f$ (and,…

Let F be a homogeneous real polynomial of even degree in any number of variables. We consider the problem of giving explicit conditions on the coefficients so that F is positive definite or positive semi-definite. In this note we produce a…

We introduce a new method for showing that the roots of the characteristic polynomial of certain finite lattices are all nonnegative integers. This method is based on the notion of a quotient of a poset which will be developed to explain…

The roots of a complex polynomial depend continuously on the coefficients; that is, an infinitesimal perturbation of the coefficients results in an infinitesimal perturbation of the roots. A short, straightforward proof of this is possible…

Classes of polynomial differential equations of degree n are considered. An explicit upper bound on the size of the coefficients are given which implies that each equation in the class has exactly n complex periodic solutions. In most of…

In this paper, we give some counting results on integer polynomials of fixed degree and bounded height whose distinct non-zero roots are multiplicatively dependent. These include sharp lower bounds, upper bounds and asymptotic formulas for…

A polynomial that is a sum of squares (SOS) of other polynomials is evidently positive. The converse is not true, there are positive polynomials which are not SOS. This note focuses on the problem of certifying, in exact arithmetic, that a…

Arthur Cohn's irreducibility criterion for polynomials with integer coefficients and its generalization connect primes to irreducibles, and integral bases to the variable $x$. As we follow this link, we find that these polynomials are ready…

Expansive polynomials (whose roots are greater than 1 in modulus) often arise in dynamical systems and other computational problems. This paper examines the expansivity gap (the gap between 1 and the smallest modulus of the roots) of these…

We consider the generating polynomial of the number of rooted trees on the set $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$ counted by the number of descending edges (a parent with a greater label than a child). This polynomial is an extension of the descent…

The problem of expressing a specific polynomial as the determinant of a square matrix of affine-linear forms arises from algebraic geometry, optimisation, complexity theory, and scientific computing. Motivated by recent developments in this…

We call a polynomial monogenic if a root $\theta$ has the property that $\mathbb{Z}[\theta]$ is the full ring of integers in $\mathbb{Q}(\theta)$. Consider the two families of trinomials $x^n + ax + b$ and $x^n + cx^{n-1} + d$. For any…

It is well known that for two univariate polynomials over complex number field the number of their common roots is equal to the order of their resultant. In this paper, we show that this fundamental relationship still holds for the tropical…

A real square matrix is algebraically positive if there exists a real polynomial $f$ such that $f(A)$ is a positive matrix. In this paper, we give a sufficient condition for a sign pattern matrix to allow algebraic positivity, and give some…

The order polytopes arising from the finite poset were first introduced and studied by Stanley. For any positive integer $d\geq 14$, Liu and Tsuchiya proved that there exists a non-Ehrhart positive order polytope of dimension $d$. They also…

We provide the law of large numbers for roots of finite free multiplicative convolution of polynomials which have only non-negative real roots. Moreover, we study the empirical root distributions of limit polynomials obtained through the…