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Let $M$ be a left $R$-module. We define the \emph{homomorphism submodule graph} $\Gamma_{\mathrm{Hom}}(M)$ as the simple graph whose vertices are the proper submodules of $M$, with an edge between distinct vertices $N_1$ and $N_2$ if and…

We prove a complexity dichotomy theorem for a class of Holant problems on planar 3-regular bipartite graphs. The complexity dichotomy states that for every weighted constraint function $f$ defining the problem (the weights can even be…

We say that a graph $H$ dominates another graph $H'$ if the number of homomorphisms from $H'$ to any graph $G$ is dominated, in an appropriate sense, by the number of homomorphisms from $H$ to $G$. We study the family of dominating graphs,…

We investigate the parameterized complexity of the recognition problem for the proper $H$-graphs. The $H$-graphs are the intersection graphs of connected subgraphs of a subdivision of a multigraph $H$, and the properness means that the…

Permutation Pattern Matching (PPM) is the problem of deciding for a given pair of permutations P and T whether the pattern P is contained in the text T. Bose, Buss and Lubiw showed that PPM is NP-complete. In view of this result, it is…

We prove that counting copies of any graph $F$ in another graph $G$ can be achieved using basic matrix operations on the adjacency matrix of $G$. Moreover, the resulting algorithm is competitive for medium-sized $F$: our algorithm recovers…

Let $G$ and $H$ be two simple graphs. A bijection $\phi:V(G)\rightarrow V(H)$ is called an isomorphism between $G$ and $H$ if $(\phi v_i)(\phi v_j)\in E(H)$ $\Leftrightarrow$ $v_i v_j\in E(G)$, $\forall v_i,v_j \in V(G)$. In the case that…

The Multicut problem asks for a minimum cut separating certain pairs of vertices: formally, given a graph $G$ and demand graph $H$ on a set $T\subseteq V(G)$ of terminals, the task is to find a minimum-weight set $C$ of edges of $G$ such…

Let $G$ be a nonabelian, simple group with a nontrivial conjugacy class $C \subseteq G$. Let $K$ be a diagram of an oriented knot in $S^3$, thought of as computational input. We show that for each such $G$ and $C$, the problem of counting…

We study dismantlability in graphs. In order to compare this notion to similar operations in posets (partially ordered sets) or in simplicial complexes, we prove that a graph G dismants on a subgraph H if and only if H is a strong…

An identification of two vertices $u$ and $v$ in a graph replaces them with a new vertex whose neighborhood is the union of the neighborhoods of $u$ and $v$. We study the {\sc ${\cal H}$-Identification} problem, which is to decide whether a…

Homomorphism indistinguishability is a way of characterising many natural equivalence relations on graphs. Two graphs $G$ and $H$ are called homomorphism indistinguishable over a graph class $\mathcal{F}$ if for each $F \in \mathcal{F}$,…

A $2$-matching complex is a simplicial complex which captures the relationship between $2$-matchings of a graph. In this paper, we will use discrete Morse Theory and the Matching Tree Algorithm to prove homotopical results. We will consider…

Let H be a Hopf algebra. By definition a modular crossed H-module is a vector space M on which H acts and coacts in a compatible way. To every modular crossed H-module M we associate a cyclic object Z(H,M). The cyclic homology of Z(H,M)…

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, we say that $G$ contains $H$ as an induced minor if a graph isomorphic to $H$ can be obtained from $G$ by a sequence of vertex deletions and edge contractions. We study the complexity of Graph Isomorphism on…

Statistical physics models with hard constraints, such as the discrete hard-core gas model (random independent sets in a graph), are inherently combinatorial and present the discrete mathematician with a relatively comfortable setting for…

Existing multiplex graph models often assume homophily, where connected nodes tend to belong to the same class or share similar attributes. Consequently, these models may struggle with graphs exhibiting heterophily, where connected nodes…

For a graph $H$, its homomorphism density in graphs naturally extends to the space of two-variable symmetric functions $W$ in $L^p$, $p\geq e(H)$, denoted by $t(H,W)$. One may then define corresponding functionals…

A bipartite graph is chordal bipartite if every cycle of length at least six has a chord in it. M$\ddot{\rm u}$ller \cite {muller1996Hamiltonian} has shown that the Hamiltonian cycle problem is NP-complete on chordal bipartite graphs by…

Cographs are graphs in which no four vertices induce a simple connected path $P_4$. Cograph editing is to find for a given graph $G = (V,E)$ a set of at most $k$ edge additions and deletions that transform $G$ into a cograph. This…