相关论文: From Many, One: Genetic Control of Prolificacy dur…
In plants, a subset of genes exhibit imprinting in endosperm tissue such that expression is primarily from the maternal or paternal allele. Imprinting may arise as a consequence of mechanisms for silencing of transposons during…
The evolutionary significance of hybridization and subsequent introgression has long been appreciated, but evaluation of the genome-wide effects of these phenomena has only recently become possible. Crop-wild study systems represent ideal…
Populations of widely distributed species often encounter and adapt to specific environmental conditions. However, comprehensive characterization of the genetic basis of adaptation is demanding, requiring genome-wide genotype data, multiple…
Most non-synonymous mutations are thought to be deleterious because of their effect on protein sequence. These polymorphisms are expected to be removed or kept at low frequency by the action of natural selection, and rare deleterious…
Quantifying the variation in yield component traits of maize (Zea mays L.), which together determine the overall productivity of this globally important crop, plays a critical role in plant genetics research, plant breeding, and the…
Optimization of crop production requires root systems to function in water uptake, nutrient use, and anchorage. In maize, two types of nodal roots-subterranean crown and aerial brace roots function in anchorage and water uptake and…
Modern maize breeding relies upon selection in inbreeding populations to improve the performance of cross-population hybrids. The United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service reciprocal recurrent selection…
Coupling the control of expression stochasticity (noise) to the ability of expression change (plasticity) can alter gene function and influence adaptation. A number of factors, such as transcription re-initiation, strong chromatin…
Heterosis is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. We have studied yet the largest maize SNP dataset for traits prediction. We develop linear and non-linear models which consider relationships…
It often is emphasized that gene expression is noisy. A seemingly contradictory view is that control mechanisms have been optimized to squeeze as much information as possible out of a limited number of molecules. Here we revisit these…
According to recent experimental evidence, the architecture of a promoter, defined as the number, strength and regulatory role of the operators that control the promoter, plays a major role in determining the level of cell-to-cell…
Despite the greater functional importance of protein levels, our knowledge of gene expression evolution is based almost entirely on studies of mRNA levels. In contrast, our understanding of how translational regulation evolves has lagged…
Maize is a highly nutritional cereal widely used for human and animal consumption and also as raw material by the biofuels industries. This highlights the importance of precisely quantifying the corn grain productivity in season, helping…
Heritable differences in gene expression between individuals are an important source of phenotypic variation. The question of how closely the effects of genetic variation on protein levels mirror those on mRNA levels remains open. Here, we…
Transgenerational inheritance of a trait is presumably affected by both genetic and environmental factors but remains poorly understood. We studied the effect of genetic polymorphisms on transgenerational inheritance of yeast segregants…
Telomeres, the nucleoprotein complexes at the termini of linear chromosomes, are essential for the processes of end replication, end protection, and chromatin segregation. The Mre11 complex is involved in multiple cellular roles in DNA…
Telomeres, the nucleoprotein complexes at the termini of linear chromosomes, are essential for the processes of end replication, end-protection, and chromatin segregation. The Mre11 complex is involved in multiple cellular roles in DNA…
The regulation of cellular function is often controlled at the level of gene transcription. Such genetic regulation usually consists of interacting networks, whereby gene products from a single network can act to control their own…
Accurately counting maize tassels is important for monitoring the growth status of maize plants. This tedious task, however, is still mainly done by manual efforts. In the context of modern plant phenotyping, automating this task is…
Grain growth experiments on thin metallic films have shown the geometric and topological characteristics of the grain structure to be universal and independent of many experimental conditions. The universal size distribution, however, is…