相关论文: HIV drug resistance: problems and perspectives

The existence of latent cellular reservoirs is recognized as the major barrier to an HIV cure. Reactivating and eliminating "shock and kill" or permanently silencing "block and lock" the latent HIV reservoir, as well as gene editing, remain…

Due to the persistence of latently infected CD4$^+$ T cells, achieving a functional cure for HIV-1 remains a significant challenge since the viruses are able to evade immune clearance, which in turn enables post-treatment viral rebound.…

Background: High HIV transmission persists in many U.S. jurisdictions despite prevention efforts. HIV self-testing offers a means to overcome barriers associated with routine laboratory-based testing but carries a risk of increasing…

RNA viruses provide prominent examples of measurably evolving populations. In HIV infection, the development of drug resistance is of particular interest, because precise predictions of the outcome of this evolutionary process are a…

HIV-1 affects tens of millions of people worldwide. Current treatments often involve a cocktail of antiretroviral drugs, which are effective in reducing the virus and extending life spans. However, there is currently no FDA-approved HIV-1…

UNAIDS has embraced an ambitious global target for the implementation of treatment for people living with HIV. This 90-90-90 target would mean that, by 2020, 90% of all those living with HIV should know their status, 90% of these would be…

Evidence supporting the current World Health Organization recommendations of early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation for adolescents is inconclusive. We leverage a large observational data and compare, in terms of mortality and CD4…

In this article, we consider an HIV/AIDS epidemic model with four classes of individuals. We have discussed about basic properties of the system and found the basic reproduction number $R_0$ of the system. The stability analysis of the…

One way in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replicates within a host is by infecting activated CD4+ T-cells, which then produce additional copies of the virus. Even with the introduction of antiretroviral drug therapy, which…

The HIV/AIDS pandemic is a global issue that has unequally affected several countries. Due to the complexity of this condition and the human drama it represents to those most affected by it, several fields have contributed to solving or at…

Clinical data usually cannot be freely distributed due to their highly confidential nature and this hampers the development of machine learning in the healthcare domain. One way to mitigate this problem is by generating realistic synthetic…

Random mixing in host populations has been a convenient simplifying assumption in the study of epidemics, but neglects important differences in contact rates within and between population groups. For HIV/AIDS, the assumption of random…

Humans, domestic animals, orchard crops, and ornamental plants are commonly treated with antibiotics in response to bacterial infection. By curing infectious individuals, antibiotic therapy might limit the spread of contagious disease among…

Acquired resistance is one of the major barriers to successful cancer therapy. The development of resistance is commonly attributed to genetic heterogeneity. However, heterogeneity of drug penetration of the tumor microenvironment both on…

The precise mechanism that causes HIV infection to progress to AIDS is still unknown. This paper presents a mathematical model which is able to predict the entire trajectory of the HIV/AIDS dynamics, then a possible explanation for this…

Bacterial resistance to antibiotic treatment is a huge concern: introduction of any new antibiotic is shortly followed by the emergence of resistant bacterial isolates in the clinic. This issue is compounded by a severe lack of new…

Predicting the outcome of antiretroviral therapies (ART) for HIV-1 is a pressing clinical challenge, especially when the ART includes drugs with limited effectiveness data. This scarcity of data can arise either due to the introduction of a…

When highly active antiretroviral therapy is administered for long periods of time to HIV-1 infected patients, most patients achieve viral loads that are ``undetectable'' by standard assay (i.e., HIV-1 RNA $ < 50$ copies/ml). Yet despite…

Estimating HIV-1 incidence using biomarker assays in cross-sectional surveys is important for understanding the HIV pandemic. However, the utility of these estimates has been limited by uncertainty about what input parameters to use for…

Drug resistance is a serious public health problem that threatens to thwart our ability to treat many infectious diseases. Repeatedly, the introduction of new drugs has been followed by the evolution of resistance. In principle there are…