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Discrete pedestrian simulation models are viable alternatives to particle based approaches based on a continuous spatial representation. The effects of discretisation, however, also imply some difficulties in modelling certain phenomena…
Cellular automata (CA) play an important role in the development of computationally efficient microscopic traffic models and recently have gained considerable importance as a mean of optimising traffic control strategies. However, real-time…
Cellular automaton (CA) approach is an important theoretical framework for studying complex system behavior and has been widely applied in various research field. CA traffic flow models have the advantage of flexible evolution rules and…
There are different physics-based approaches for analysing pedestrian movement. Physics-based methods like statistical mechanics-based models apply the laws of physics to drive equations for analysing crowd behaviour. This paper will…
Recently the dynamic distance potential field (DDPF) was introduced as a computationally efficient method to make agents in a simulation of pedestrians move rather on the quickest path than the shortest. It can be considered to be an…
Car following (CF) models are fundamental to describing traffic dynamics. However, the CF behavior of human drivers is highly stochastic and nonlinear. As a result, identifying the best CF model has been challenging and controversial…
The movement of pedestrians is supposed to show certain regularities which can be best described by an ``algorithm'' for the individual behavior and is easily simulated on computers. This behavior is assumed to be determined by an intended…
This study integrates pedestrian flow characteristics to formulate a mesoscopic cellular automata model tailored for simulating evacuations in large-scale scenarios. Departing from the conventional planar grid cell division, the model…
In this paper a model of pedestrian motion is presented. As application its parameters are fitted to one run in a primary school evacuation exercise. Simulations with these parameters are compared to further runs during the same exercise.
Cellular automata crowd simulation models have been extensively used to determine the performance and the safety of crowded structures. In conventional cellular automata systems, all the cells are of the size of a typical pedestrian. The…
This paper investigates the model for pedestrian flow firstly proposed in [Cristiani et al., DOI:10.1137/140962413]. The model assumes that each individual in the crowd moves in a known domain, aiming at minimizing a given cost functional.…
Microscopic traffic models have recently gained considerable importance as a mean of optimising traffic control strategies. Computationally efficient and sufficiently accurate microscopic traffic models have been developed based on the…
A new kind of cellular automaton (CA) for the study of the dynamics of urban systems is proposed. The state of a cell is not described using a finite set, but by means of continuum variables. A population sector is included, taking into…
The objective of the present study is to present a computational model of the motion of a single athlete in a team and to compare the resulting trajectory with experimental data obtained in the field during competitions by match analysis…
We study discretisation effects in cellular automata models for pedestrian dynamics by reducing the cell size. Then a particle occupies more than one cell which leads to subtle effects in the dynamics, e.g. non-local conflict situations.…
We present applications of a cellular automaton approach to pedestrian dynamics introduced in [1,2]. It is shown that the model is able to reproduce collective effects and self-organization phenomena encountered in pedestrian traffic, e.g.…
This paper introduces a spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main intention of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through bottlenecks and in corridors. Measurements of…
The F.A.S.T. (Floor field and Agent based Simulation Tool) model is a microscopic model of pedestrian dynamics, which is discrete in space and time. It was developed in a number of more or less consecutive steps from a simple CA model. This…
Cellular automata (CA) are discrete-time dynamical systems with local update rules on a lattice. Despite their elementary definition, CA support a wide spectrum of macroscopic phenomena central to statistical physics: equilibrium and…
The contribution gives a micro-structural insight into the pedestrian decision process during an egress situation. A method how to extract the decisions of pedestrians from the trajectories recorded during the experiments is introduced. The…