物理与社会
Treating and preventing Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a critical global health challenge. While antiretroviral therapy provides a path toward viral suppression -- effectively eliminating an individual's transmission risk --…
Opinion dynamics, the study of how individual beliefs and collective public opinion evolve, is a fertile domain for applying statistical physics to complex social phenomena. Like physical systems, societies exhibit macroscopic regularities…
We test a dynamic ODE model of hierarchical asymmetry on a panel of 260 countries over 1960-2023, drawing on World Bank, Penn World Table, V-Dem and World Inequality Database sources. In cross-section the model holds partially: trade…
The scientific claims drawn from LLM social simulations should be no stronger than the robustness audits that support them. Generative agents bring new expressive power to agent-based modeling, enabling simulations of collective social…
Urban flood disaster is one of the most serious natural disasters. Numerous flood simulation models have been proposed and relatively matured. However, two major challenges persist: excessive simplification of the city system and high…
We present a multi-source traffic dataset derived from Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) recordings in Padua, Italy, spanning from February 2026 to April 2026. The dataset combines traffic volume time series, aggregated at 10-minute…
This article develops an intergenerational mean-field-type game (MFTG) to model Mali's and neighbouring countries multi-actor conflict ecosystem, which includes formal state forces, traditional hunters, nonstate militias, jihadists,…
Human-generated randomness is constrained by cognitive, motor, and strategic biases. This study examines how these constraints appear in individual behavior and how they may be modified through interaction with another human. We analyzed…
Urban venues serve as arenas for social mixing. While residential and activity-space segregation have been extensively studied, less is known about how the spatial structure of cities, particularly public transit infrastructure, shapes the…
In this paper we analyze the Finnish road network as a graph in order to measure whether the "rurality" or "urbanity" of an area correlates with local geometrical properties of the graph. Our primary motivation is the observation that the…
Understanding and predicting the evolution of across complex systems remains a fundamental challenge due to the absence of unified and computationally testable frameworks. Here we propose the Recursive Hierarchical Network(RHN),…
Accurate epidemic forecasting is critical for informing public health decisions and timely interventions. While Physics-Informed Neural Networks have shown promise in various scientific domains, their potential application to real-time…
Urban-induced microclimate variations, such as urban heat islands and air pollution, scale with city size, producing distinctive relations between average climate variables and city-scale quantities (e.g., total population). However, these…
In contrast to dyadic interactions, higher-order interactions may contain one another, with subgroups naturally embedded within larger groups. These containment patterns arise empirically in ecology, sociology, computer science and the…
The availability of network datasets advances research in network science, machine learning and related fields by enabling empirical analyses and their reproducibility, algorithm development, model validation and benchmarking. Existing…
Wikipedia hyperlinks have primarily been studied as navigational tools for readers, but their role in how information providers move between articles during editing remains less explored. Here, we combine the hyperlink network among English…
Scientific and technological frontiers advance through punctuated dynamics, yet the principles governing these dynamics remain poorly understood. Here we collect and analyze datasets tracking the evolution of frontiers across 9 different…
With the international business landscape becoming more crisis-ridden as risks proliferate, how do the professionals who implement corporate social initiatives in high-risk environments perceive their work, and what can this reveal about…
Cities are often compared through scaling laws, usually expressed as power-law relations between population size and aggregate urban quantities related to infrastructure, socioeconomic activity, or environmental impacts. These laws are…
Heider balance theory provides a fundamental framework for understanding the formation of friendly and hostile relations in social networks. Existing stochastic formulations typically assume a uniform social temperature, implying that all…