综合数学
In this paper, our aim is to give surfaces in the Galilean 3-space G3 with the property that there exist four geodesics through each point such that every surface built with the normal lines and the binormal lines along these geodesics is a…
In the present study, we derive the problem of constructing a hypersurface family from a given isogeodesic curve in the 4D Galilean space $\mathbf{G}_{4}.$ We obtain the hypersurface as a linear combination of the Frenet frame in…
Given a semigroup $S$ generated by its squares equipped with an involutive automorphism $\sigma$ and a multiplicative function $\mu:S\to\mathbb{C}$ such that $\mu(x\sigma(x))=1$ for all $x\in S$, we determine the complex-valued solutions of…
Special functions have always played a central role in physics and in mathematics, arising as solutions of particular differential equations, or integrals, during the study of particular important physical models and theories in Quantum…
This note proves that the first odd zeta value does not have a closed form formula $\zeta(3)\ne r \pi^3$ for any rational number $r \in \mathbb{Q}$. Furthermore, assuming the irrationality of the second odd zeta value $\zeta(5)$, it is…
Associate a unique numerical sequence called the modular signature with each positive integer, using modular residues of each integer under the prime numbers, and distinguishing between the core seed primes and non-core seed primes used to…
The Dirichlet series of $\zeta(s)$ was long ago proven to be divergent throughout half-plane $\text{Re}(s)\le1$. If also Riemann's proposition is true, that there exists an "expression" of $\zeta(s)$ that is convergent at all $s$ (except at…
The purpose of this paper is the extension of Jacobi's criteria for positive definiteness of second variation of the simplest problems of calculus of variations subject to mixed boundary conditions. Both non constrained and isoperimetric…
In this note, we give an alternate proof of the multinomial theorem using a probabilistic approach. Although the multinomial theorem is basically a combinatorial result, our proof may be simpler for a student familiar with only basic…
We combinatorially prove Tetranacci, Tetranacci-Fibonacci, and additional identities using only squares and dominoes on a hexagonal double-strip. Some of these are new proofs of old identities, and others we believe have never been seen…
In this work, we studied various properties of arithmetic function $\tilde{\varphi}$, where $\tilde{\varphi}(n)=|\{m\in \mathbb{N} | 1\le m\le n, (m,n)=1, \mbox{$m$ is not a prime}\}|.$
This paper proposes, and demonstrates the efficacy of, an elementary method for establishing a lower bound for cardinalities of selected sets of twin primes, and shows that the proof employed may be modified for selected sets of Goldbach…
In this paper, some important properties of the windowed offset linear canonical transform (WOLCT) such as shift, modulation and orthogonality relation are introduced. Based on these properties we derive the convolution and correlation…
We investigate the 2D quaternion windowed linear canonical transform(QWLCT) in this paper. Firstly, we propose the new definition of the QWLCT, and then several important properties of newly defined QWLCT, such as bounded, shift,…
Prime Numbers clearly accumulate on defined spiral graphs,which run through the Square Root Spiral. These spiral graphs can be assigned to different spiral-systems, in which all spiral-graphs have the same direction of rotation and the same…
Natural numbers divisible by the same prime factor lie on defined spiral graphs which are running through the Square Root Spiral (also named as the Spiral of Theodorus or Wurzel Spirale or Einstein Spiral). Prime Numbers also clearly…
The Collatz conjecture asserts that repeatedly iterating $f(x) = (3x + 1)/2^{a(x)}$, where $a(x)$ is the highest exponent for which $2^{a(x)}$ exactly divides $3x+1$, always lead to $1$ for any odd positive integer $x$. Here, we present an…
The natural numbers divisible by the Prime Factors 2, 3, 5, 11, 13 and 17 lie on defined spiral graphs, which run through the Square Root Spiral. A mathematical analysis shows, that these spiral graphs are defined by specific quadratic…
In this article we solve explicitly some Cauchy problems of the heat type attached to the generalized real and complex Dirac, Euler and Harmonic oscillator operators. Our principal tool is the Bargmann transform.
Let $P(G,\lambda)$ denote the number of proper vertex colorings of $G$ with $\lambda$ colors. The chromatic polynomial $P(C_n,\lambda)$ for the cycle graph $C_n$ is well-known as $$P(C_n,\lambda) = (\lambda-1)^n+(-1)^n(\lambda-1)$$ for all…