2009 年 Mrk 421 多波段活动：变异性与相关性研究
高能天体物理现象
2016-08-07 v2
摘要
我们在 2009 年 1 月至 6 月期间对 Mrk421 进行了为期 4.5 个月的多仪器活动（从射电到甚高能伽马射线），其中包括 VLBA、F-GAMMA、GASP-WEBT、Swift、RXTE、Fermi-LAT、MAGIC 和 Whipple 等仪器与合作项目。Mrk421 处于其典型（非耀发）活动状态，VHE 通量约为蟹状星云的一半，但光变曲线在所有波长均显示出显著变异性，其中 X 射线变异性最高。我们确定了大多数波长处的功率谱密度 (PSD)，发现所有 PSD 均可由无折断的幂律描述，且其指数与粉红/红噪声行为一致。我们在 X 射线谱中观测到“越亮越硬”的行为，并测量到 VHE 与 X 射线通量之间存在零时间滞后的正相关。此类特征在耀发活动期间已被多次报道，但此处首次在非耀发状态下报道。我们还观测到在整个活动期间光学/UV 与 X 射线之间存在总体反相关。2009 年多波段活动期间 X 射线谱中“越亮越硬”的行为以及测得的 X 射线/VHE 正相关表明，主导非耀发状态发射的物理过程与耀发活动期间发生的物理过程具有相似性。特别是，这一观测支持轻子情景是 Mrk421 在非耀发活动期间发射的原因。这种时间上延长的 X 射线/VHE 相关性并非由单次耀发事件驱动，因此难以在标准强子情景内解释。最高的变异性观测于 X 射线波段，在单区同步自康普顿情景内，这表明电子能量分布在最高能量处最具变异性。
引用
@article{arxiv.1502.02650,
title = {The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 421: Variability and correlation studies},
author = {MAGIC Collaboration and J. Aleksić and S. Ansoldi and L. A. Antonelli and P. Antoranz and A. Babic and P. Bangale and U. Barres de Almeida and J. A. Barrio and J. Becerra González and W. Bednarek and K. Berger and E. Bernardini and A. Biland and O. Blanch and R. K. Bock and S. Bonnefoy and G. Bonnoli and F. Borracci and T. Bretz and E. Carmona and A. Carosi and D. Carreto Fidalgo and P. Colin and E. Colombo and J. L. Contreras and J. Cortina and S. Covino and P. Da Vela and F. Dazzi and A. De Angelis and G. De Caneva and B. De Lotto and C. Delgado Mendez and M. Doert and A. Domínguez and D. Dominis Prester and D. Dorner and M. Doro and S. Einecke and D. Eisenacher and D. Elsaesser and E. Farina and D. Ferenc and M. V. Fonseca and L. Font and K. Frantzen and C. Fruck and R. J. García López and M. Garczarczyk and D. Garrido Terrats and M. Gaug and G. Giavitto and N. Godinović and A. González Mu\ noz and S. R. Gozzini and A. Hadamek and D. Hadasch and A. Herrero and D. Hildebrand and J. Hose and D. Hrupec and W. Idec and V. Kadenius and H. Kellermann and M. L. Knoetig and J. Krause and J. Kushida and A. La Barbera and D. Lelas and N. Lewandowska and E. Lindfors and F. Longo and S. Lombardi and M. López and R. López-Coto and A. López-Oramas and E. Lorenz and I. Lozano and M. Makariev and K. Mallot and G. Maneva and N. Mankuzhiyil and K. Mannheim and L. Maraschi and B. Marcote and M. Mariotti and M. Martínez and D. Mazin and U. Menzel and M. Meucci and J. M. Miranda and R. Mirzoyan and A. Moralejo and P. Munar-Adrover and D. Nakajima and A. Niedzwiecki and K. Nilsson and N. Nowak and R. Orito and A. Overkemping and S. Paiano and M. Palatiello and D. Paneque and R. Paoletti and J. M. Paredes and X. Paredes-Fortuny and S. Partini and M. Persic and F. Prada and P. G. Prada Moroni and E. Prandini and S. Preziuso and I. Puljak and R. Reinthal and W. Rhode and M. Ribó and J. Rico and J. Rodriguez Garcia and S. Rügamer and A. Saggion and K. Saito and M. Salvati and K. Satalecka and V. Scalzotto and V. Scapin and C. Schultz and T. Schweizer and S. N. Shore and A. Sillanpää and J. Sitarek and I. Snidaric and D. Sobczynska and F. Spanier and V. Stamatescu and A. Stamerra and T. Steinbring and J. Storz and S. Sun and T. Surić and L. Takalo and F. Tavecchio and P. Temnikov and T. Terzić and D. Tescaro and M. Teshima and J. Thaele and O. Tibolla and D. F. Torres and T. Toyama and A. Treves and M. Uellenbeck and P. Vogler and R. M. Wagner and F. Zandanel and R. Zanin and VERITAS collaboration and : and S. Archambault and B. Behera and M. Beilicke and W. Benbow and R. Bird and J. H. Buckley and V. Bugaev and M. Cerruti and X. Chen and L. Ciupik and E. Collins-Hughes and W. Cui and J. Dumm and J. D. Eisch and A. Falcone and S. Federici and Q. Feng and J. P. Finley and H. Fleischhack and P. Fortin and L. Fortson and A. Furniss and S. Griffin and S. T. Griffiths and J. Grube and G. Gyuk and D. Hanna and J. Holder and G. Hughes and T. B. Humensky and C. A. Johnson and P. Kaaret and M. Kertzman and Y. Khassen and D. Kieda and H. Krawczynski and F. Krennrich and S. Kumar and M. J. Lang and G. Maier and S. McArthur and K. Meagher and P. Moriarty and R. Mukherjee and R. A. Ong and A. N. Otte and N. Park and A. Pichel and M. Pohl and A. Popkow and H. Prokoph and J. Quinn and K. Ragan and J. Rajotte and P. T. Reynolds and G. T. Richards and E. Roache and A. C. Rovero and G. H. Sembroski and K. Shahinyan and D. Staszak and I. Telezhinsky and M. Theiling and J. V. Tucci and J. Tyler and A. Varlotta and S. P. Wakely and T. C. Weekes and A. Weinstein and R. Welsing and A. Wilhelm and D. A. Williams and B. Zitzer and External collaborators and : and M. Villata and C. Raiteri and H. D. Aller and M. F. Aller and W. P. Chen and B. Jordan and E. Koptelova and O. M. Kurtanidze and A. Lähteenmäki and B. McBreen and V. M. Larionov and C. S. Lin and M. G. Nikolashvili and E. Angelakis and M. Capalbi and A. Carrami\ nana and L. Carrasco and P. Cassaro and A. Cesarini and L. Fuhrmann and M. Giroletti and T. Hovatta and T. P. Krichbaum and H. A. Krimm and W. Max-Moerbeck and J. W. Moody and G. Maccaferri and Y. Mori and I. Nestoras and A. Orlati and C. Pace and R. Pearson and M. Perri and A. C. S. Readhead and J. L. Richards and A. C. Sadun and T. Sakamoto and J. Tammi and M. Tornikoski and Y. Yatsu and A. Zook},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.02650},
year = {2016}
}
备注
Accepted for publication in A&A, 18 pages, 14 figures (v2 has a small modification in the acknowledgments, and also corrects a typo in the field "author" in the metadata)