相关论文: Experimental study of pedestrian flow through a bo…

For the verification and validation of microscopic simulation models of pedestrian flow, we have performed experiments for different kind of facilities and sites where most conflicts and congestion happens e.g. corridors, narrow passages,…

This article is on collective phenomena in pedestrian dynamics during the assembling and dispersal phases of gatherings. To date pedestrian dynamics have been primarily studied in the natural and engineering sciences. Pedestrians are…

Current research on pedestrian behavior understanding focuses on the dynamics of pedestrians and makes strong assumptions about their perceptual abilities. For instance, it is often presumed that pedestrians have omnidirectional view of the…

This paper offers a comprehensive examination of single-file experiments within the field of pedestrian dynamics, providing a review from both theoretical and analytical perspectives. It begins by tracing the historical context of…

We develope a two-species exclusion process with a distinct pair of entry and exit sites for each species of rigid rods. The relatively slower forward stepping of the rods in an extended bottleneck region, located in between the two entry…

Since steep declines in a population's size also typically alter its composition, population bottlenecks are considered highly important for evolution. However, despite such significance, the mechanisms governing the impact of a given…

A nucleation model for the breakdown phenomenon in freeway free traffic flow at an on-ramp bottleneck is presented. This model, which can explain empirical results on the breakdown phenomenon, is based on assumptions of three-phase traffic…

In three-dimensional turbulent flows, the flux of energy from large to small scales breaks time symmetry. We show here that this irreversibility can be quantified by following the relative motion of several Lagrangian tracers. We find by…

An aging population is bringing new challenges to the management of escape routes and facility design in many countries. This paper investigates pedestrian movement properties of crowd with different age compositions. Three pedestrian…

Using scaling arguments and extensive numerical simulations, we study dynamics of a tracer particle in a corrugated channel represented by a periodic sequence of broad chambers and narrow funnel-like bottlenecks enclosed by a hard-wall…

We study the tunneling through an arbitrary number of finite rectangular opaque barriers and generalize earlier results by showing that the total tunneling phase time depends neither on the barrier thickness nor on the inter-barrier…

A bottleneck situation in one-lane traffic-flow is typically modelled with a constant demand of entering cars. However, in practice this demand may depend on the density of cars in the bottleneck. The present paper studies a simple bimodal…

The movement of pedestrians is supposed to show certain regularities which can be best described by an ``algorithm'' for the individual behavior and is easily simulated on computers. This behavior is assumed to be determined by an intended…

Experiments with pedestrians revealed that the geometry of the domain, as well as the incentive of pedestrians to reach a target as fast as possible have a strong influence on the overall dynamics. In this paper, we propose and validate…

The "faster is slower" effect raises when crowded people push each other to escape through an exit during an emergency situation. As individuals push harder, a statistical slowing down in the evacuation time can be achieved. The slowing…

Bottlenecks, i.e. local reductions of capacity, are one of the most relevant scenarios of traffic systems. The asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) with a defect is a minimal model for such a bottleneck scenario. One crucial question…

A bottleneck can largely deteriorate the flow, such as a traffic light or an on-ramp at a road. To alleviate bottleneck situations, one of the important strategies is to control the input rate to suit the state of the road. In this study,…

Understanding pedestrian dynamics and the interaction of pedestrians with their environment is crucial to the safe and comfortable design of pedestrian facilities. Experiments offer the opportunity to explore the influence of individual…

In this paper we study dependencies of fundamental diagrams, time gap distributions, and velocity-distance relations on vehicle types, lanes and/or measurement sites. We also propose measurement and aggregation methods that have more…

We extend the Aw-Rascle macroscopic model of car traffic into a two-way multi-lane model of pedestrian traffic. Within this model, we propose a technique for the handling of the congestion constraint, i.e. the fact that the pedestrian…