相关论文: Weber-Fechner's Law and Demand Function
The maximum entropy principle can be used to assign utility values when only partial information is available about the decision maker's preferences. In order to obtain such utility values it is necessary to establish an analogy between…
In order to reason about effects, we can define quantitative formulas to describe behavioural aspects of effectful programs. These formulas can for example express probabilities that (or sets of correct starting states for which) a program…
We obtain variants of the classical von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility theorem, with and without the completeness axiom, in which the derived Bernoulli utility functions are Lipschitz. The prize space in these results is an arbitrary…
The united rest mass and charge of a particle correspond to the two forms of the same regularity of the unified nature of its ultimate structure. Each of them contains the electric, weak, strong and the gravitational contributions. As a…
We reconsider the density functional theory of nonuniform classical fluids from the point of view of convex analysis. From the observation that the logarithm of the grand-partition function $\log \Xi [\phi]$ is a convex functional of the…
Shepard's universal law of generalization is a remarkable hypothesis about how intelligent organisms should perceive similarity. In its broadest form, the universal law states that the level of perceived similarity between a pair of stimuli…
The universal power law tails of single particle and multi-particle time correlation functions are derived from a unifying point of view, solely using the hydrodynamic modes of the system. The theory applies to general correlation…
Taylor's law, also known as fluctuation scaling in physics and the power-law variance function in statistics, is an empirical pattern widely observed across fields including ecology, physics, finance, and epidemiology. It states that the…
Linking the microscopic and macroscopic behavior is at the heart of many natural and social sciences. This apparent similarity conceals essential differences across disciplines: while physical particles are assumed to optimize the global…
Variational problems of splitting-type with mixed linear-superlinear growth conditions are considered. In the twodimensional case the minimizing problem is given by \[ J [w] = \int_{\Omega} \Big[f_1\big(\partial_1 w\big) +…
The theory of physical dimensions and units in physics is outlined. This includes a discussion of the universal applicability and superiority of quantity equations. The International System of Units (SI) is one example thereof. By analyzing…
The power law is ubiquitous in natural and social phenomena, and is considered as a universal relationship between the frequency and its rank for diverse social systems. However, a general model is still lacking to interpret why these…
Noether's calculus of invariant variations yields exact identities from functional symmetries. The standard application to an action integral allows to identify conservation laws. Here we rather consider generating functionals, such as the…
In order to describe more complex problem using the concept of fractional derivatives, we introduce in this paper the concept of fractional derivatives with orders. The new definitions are based upon the concept of power law together with…
Towards the realization of a sustainable, fair and inclusive society, we proposed a novel decision-making model that incorporates social norms in a rational choice model from the standpoints of deontology and utilitarianism. We proposed a…
Economic growth is unpredictable unless demand is quantified. We solve this problem by introducing the demand for unpaid spare time and a user quantity named human capacity. It organizes and amplifies spare time required for enjoying…
Dependence on the parameter is continuous when perturbations of the parameter preserves strict preference for one alternative over another. We characterise this property via a utility function over alternatives that depends continuously on…
Decision theory does not traditionally include uncertainty over utility functions. We argue that the a person's utility value for a given outcome can be treated as we treat other domain attributes: as a random variable with a density…
Let $\mu$ be a probability measure on $\mathbb{R}$. We give conditions on the Fourier transform of its density for functionals of the form $H(a)=\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}h(\langle a,x\rangle)\mu^n(dx)$ to be Schur monotone. As applications, we…
We introduce the new notion of a conjugate weight function and provide a detailed study of this operation and its properties. Then we apply this knowledge to study classes of ultradifferentiable functions defined in terms of fast growing…