相关论文: Smarandache Near-rings
A ring $R$ is called right SSP (SIP) if the sum (intersection) of any two direct summands of $R_{R}$ is also a direct summand. Left sides can be defined similarly. The following are equivalent: (1) $R$ is right SSP. (2) $R$ is right C3 and…
A square complex is a 2-complex formed by gluing squares together. This article is concerned with the fundamental group $\Gamma$ of certain square complexes of nonpositive curvature, related to quaternion algebras. The abelian subgroup…
We introduce a class of rings, namely the class of left or right $p$-nil rings, for which the adjoint groups behave regularly. Every $p$-ring is close to being left or right $p$-nil in the sense that it contains a large ideal belonging to…
We consider and study those rings in which each nil-clean or clean element is uniquely nil-clean. We establish that, for abelian rings, these rings have a satisfactory description and even it is shown that the classes of abelian rings and…
The stars that populate the solar neighbourhood were formed in stellar clusters. Through N-body simulations of these clusters, we measure the rate of close encounters between stars. By monitoring the interaction histories of each star, we…
A group G is almost cyclic if there is an element x in G, such that for all g in G, there is an element y in G and an integer n with ygy^{-1} = x^n (that is, every element is conjugate to some power of x). W. Ziller asked whether there are…
Let $\mathfrak{A}$ be a Banach algebra, and $\mathcal{X}$ a Banach $\mathfrak{A}$-bimodule. A bounded linear mapping $\mathcal{D}:\mathfrak{A}\rightarrow \mathcal{X}$ is approximately semi-inner derivation if there eixist nets…
Double Bruhat cells in a semisimple group are intersections of cells in two Bruhat decompositions corresponding to two opposite Borel subgroups. They form a geometric framework for the study of total positivity in semisimple groups; they…
We generalize the construction of multitildes in the aim to provide multitilde operators for regular languages. We show that the underliying algebraic structure involves the action of some operads. An operad is an algebraic structure that…
We study Smarandache sequences of numbers, and related problems, via a Computer Algebra System. Solutions are discovered, and some conjectures presented.
The definition of Suzuki groups over rings is given by means of an explicit description as a difference-algebraic group. For a (not necessarily perfect) field with more than two elements this construction produces a simple group.
We say that a semigroup of matrices has a submultiplicative spectrum if the spectrum of the product of any two elements of the semigroup is contained in the product of the two spectra in question (as sets). In this note we explore an…
The magnetic susceptibility of electrons confined to a spherical cavity or a circular billiard shows slow oscillations as a function of the number of electrons, which are a new manifestation of the Super Shell Structure found in the free…
The notion of quasi-elliptic rings appeared as a result of an attempt to classify a wide class of commutative rings of operators found in the theory of integrable systems, such as rings of commuting differential, difference,…
We construct sets $A, B$ in a vector space over $\mathbb{F}_2$ with the property that $A$ is "statistically" almost closed under addition by $B$ in the sense that $a + b$ almost always lies in $A$ when $a \in A, b \in B$, but which is…
In this book, the authors define several new types of soft neutrosophic algebraic structures over neutrosophic algebraic structures and we study their generalizations. These soft neutrosophic algebraic structures are basically parameterized…
The notion of rough set captures indiscernibility of elements in a set. But, in many real life situations, an information system establishes the relation between different universes. This gave the extension of rough set on single universal…
Motivated by recent appearance of multivalued structures in categorification, tropical geometry and other areas, we study basic properties of abstract multisemigroups. We give many new and old examples and general constructions for…
This paper investigates some actions "\`a la Johnson" on the set, denoted by ${\cal E}$, of Spin-structures which are interpreted as special double-coverings of a trivial $S^1-$fibration over a non-orientable surface $N_{g+1}$. The group…
It is well known that the full matrix ring over a skew-field is a simple ring. We generalize this theorem to the case of semirings. We characterize the case when the matrix semiring $\mathbf{M}_n(S)$, of all $n\times n$ matrices over a…