相关论文: 3x+1 dynamics on rationals with fixed denominator

After reviewing the covariant description of Hamiltonian dynamics, some applications are done to the non-relativistic isotropic three-dimensional harmonic oscillator, Rovelli's model, and SO(3,1) BF theories.

We present some necessary and/or sufficient conditions for the positivity problem of three-term recurrence sequences. As applications we show the positivity of diagonal Taylor coefficients of some rational functions in a unified approach.…

We initiate the study of a natural generalisation of the classical Bochner-Krall problem asking which linear ordinary differential operators possess sequences of eigenpolynomials satisfying linear recurrence relations of finite length; the…

The infamous 3x+1 conjecture spread by Lothar Collatz in 1952, despite its elementary formulation, remained unproved for over 60 years. From the heuristical probabilistic approach to the complex mapping of the algorithm, the scientific…

The asymptotic behavior (such as convergence to an equilibrium, convergence to a 2-cycle, and divergence to infinity) of solutions of the following multi-parameter, rational, second order difference equation x_{n+1} =(ax_{n}^3+…

We here elaborate on a quantitative argument to support the validity of the Collatz conjecture, also known as the (3x + 1) or Syracuse conjecture. The analysis is structured as follows. First, three distinct fixed points are found for the…

The document tries to put focus on sequences with certain properties and periods leading to the first value smaller than the starting value in the Collatz problem. With the idea that, if all starting numbers lead ultimately to a smaller…

Recently a class of inflationary models satisfying the constant rate of roll constraint, $\ddot{\phi}+(3+\alpha)H\dot{\phi}=0$, has been studied and compared with the latest cosmological observational data. We consider the broader class of…

In this paper; we prove that all sequences can be broken up in cycles. Each cycle follows the same pattern: 1) Upward trajectory. Odd and even numbers alternate until the cycle reaches an upper bound 2) Downward trajectory. Two or more…

We study metrical properties of various subsequences associated to the sequence of rational approximants coming from the continued fraction of an irrational number. Our methods build upon Bosma, Jager and Wiedijk's proof of the…

The $3x+1$ problem, also called the Collatz conjecture, is a very interesting unsolved mathematical problem related to computer science. This paper generalized this problem by relaxing the constraints, i.e., generalizing this deterministic…

The 3x+1 problem is one of the most classical problems in computer science, related to many fields. As it is thought by scientists a highly hard problem, resolving it successfully not only can improve the research in many relating fields,…

We show that three problems involving linear difference equations with rational function coefficients are essentially equivalent. The first problem is the generalization of the classical Skolem-Mahler-Lech theorem to rational function…

The large time behavior of the deterministic and stochastic three dimensional convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (CBF) equations for $r\geq3$ ($r>3$, for any $\mu$ and $\beta$, and $r=3$ for $2\beta\mu\geq1$), in periodic domains is carried…

On the 3x+1 problem, given a positive integer $N$, let $D\left( N \right) $, $O\left( N \right) $, $E\left( N \right) $ be the total iteration steps, the odd iteration steps and the even iteration steps when $N$ iterates to 1(except 1)…

I present a covariant approach to developing 1+3 formalism without an introduction of any basis or coordinates. In the formalism, a spacetime which has a timelike congruence is assumed. Then, tensors are split into temporal and spatial…

This paper gives a simple proof of the Wirsching-Goodwin representation of integers connected to 1 in the $3x+1$ problem (see \cite{Wirsching} and \cite{Goodwin}). This representation permits to compute all the ascending Collatz sequences…

Take an odd number x >0. Then 3x+1 is even and one can find an integer k> 0 so that y= 3x+1/2^k is again odd. We get in this way the mapping T, Tx=y. The paper contains two theorems describing statistical properties of T. The first…

We consider the problem of approaching real numbers with rational numbers with prime denominator and with a single numerator allowed for each denominator. We then present a simple application, related to possible correlations between trace…

We get three basic results in algebraic dynamics: (1). We give the first algorithm to compute the dynamical degrees to arbitrary precision. (2). We prove that for a family of dominant rational self-maps, the dynamical degrees are lower…