相关论文: Dirac Variables and Zero Modes of Gauss Constraint…

The review is devoted to a relativistic formulation of the first Dirac quantization of QED (1927) and its generalization to the non-Abelian theories (Yang-Mills and QCD) with the topological degeneration of initial data. Using the Dirac…

We suggest that proper variables for the description of non-Abelian theories are those gauge invariant ones which keep the invariance of the winding number functional with respect to topologically nontrivial (large) gauge transformations.…

In this study we, remembering the experience with topological Dirac variables in the non-Abelian Yang-Mills-Higgs (YMH) model with vacuuum BPS monopole solutions, attempt to construct similar for the Abelian $U(1)$ model. We show that QED,…

We show that the class of functions of topologically nontrivial gauge transformations in QCD includes a zero-mode of the Gauss law constraint. The equivalent unconstrained system compatible with Feynman's integral is derived in terms of…

Subject of our investigations is QCD formulated in terms of physical degrees of freedom. Starting from the Faddeev-Popov procedure, the canonical formulation of QCD is derived for static gauges. Particular emphasis is put on obstructions…

We apply a simple mean field like variational calculation to compact QED in 2+1 dimensions. Our variational ansatz explicitly preserves compact gauge invariance of the theory. We reproduce in this framework all the known results, including…

We formulate QCD in (d+1) dimensions using Dirac's front form with periodic boundary conditions, that is, within Discretized Light-Cone Quantization. The formalism is worked out in detail for SU(2) pure glue theory in (2+1) dimensions which…

In this paper the quantization of the 2$+$1-dimensional gravity couplet to the massless Dirac field is carried out. The problem is solved by the application of the new Dynamic Quantization Method [1,2]. It is well-known that in general…

We present the Dirac Hamiltonian formalism for a pair of $1$-form fields with a topological-like potential coupled to first-order gravity in three-dimensional spacetime. By considering the complete phase space, we derive the full structure…

We consider (2+1)-gravity with vanishing cosmological constant as a constrained dynamical system. By applying Dirac's gauge fixing procedure, we implement the constraints and determine the Dirac bracket on the gauge-invariant phase space.…

It is well-known that the tight-binding Hamiltonian of graphene describes the low-energy excitations that appear to be massless chiral Dirac fermions. Thus, in the continuum limit one can analyze the crystal properties using the formalism…

We enlarge the local gauge invariance of QED from $~U(1)_A~$ to $~U(1)_A \times U(1)_{\Theta}~$ by introducing another unphysical pure gauge field $~\Theta~$ with an independent, unphysical gauge coupling $~\tilde{e}~$. This pure gauge…

We apply Dirac's gauge fixing procedure to (2+1)-gravity with vanishing cosmological constant. For general gauge fixing conditions based on two point particles, this yields explicit expressions for the Dirac bracket. We explain how gauge…

We consider the derivation of equivalent unconstrained systems for QCD given in the class of functions of nontrivial topological gauge transformations. We show that the unconstrained QCD obtained by resolving the Gauss law constraint…

Dirac's quantization of the Maxwell theory on non-commutative spaces has been considered. First class constraints were found which are the same as in classical electrodynamics. The gauge covariant quantization of the non-linear equations of…

We derive the universal real time $U(1)$ topological gauge field action for mixed quantum states of weakly correlated fermions in all dimensions, and demonstrate its independence of the underlying equilibrium or non-equilibrium nature of…

"Equivalent unconstrained systems" for QCD obtained by resolving the Gauss law are discussed. We show that the effects of hadronization, confinement, spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and $\eta_0$-meson mass can be hidden in solutions of…

We review attempts to apply the variational principle to understand the vacuum of non-abelian gauge theories. In particular, we focus on the method explored by Ian Kogan and collaborators, which imposes exact gauge invariance on the trial…

The Dirac-Bergmann algorithm for the Hamiltonian analysis of constrained systems is a nice and powerful tool, widely used for quantization and non-perturbative counting of degrees of freedom. However, certain aspects of its application to…

Geometrical interpretation on U(1) gage theory of Dirac monopole, introduced here from the line integral\cite{Brandt} form of vector potentials, shows the gauge representation be multi-valued. In this paper, we construct Euclidean form of…