相关论文: Knots and Particles

We have numerically calculated topological andnon-topological solitons in two spatial dimensions with Chern-Simons term. Their quantum stability, as well as that of the Maxwell vortex, is analyzed by means of bounce instantons which involve…

We present for the first time solutions in the gauged $U(1)\times U(1)$ model of Witten describing vortons -- spinning flux loops stabilized against contraction by the centrifugal force. Vortons were heuristically described many years ago,…

The first analytic topologically non-trivial solutions in the (3+1)-dimensional gauged non-linear sigma model representing multi-solitons at finite volume with manifest ordered structures generating their own electromagnetic field are…

We construct a family of exact solutions to Maxwell's equations in which the points of zero intensity form knotted lines topologically equivalent to a given but arbitrary algebraic link. These lines of zero intensity, more commonly referred…

We present a new paradigm for three dimensional chaos, and specifically for the Lorenz equations. The main difficulty in these equations and for a generic flow in dimension three is the existence of singularities. We show how to use knot…

The idea that the elementary particles might have the symmetry of knots has had a long history. In any current formulation of this idea, however, the knot must be quantized. The present review is a summary of a small set of papers that…

Topology, which originated as a mathematical discipline, nowadays advances the understanding of many branches of science and technology from elementary particle physics and cosmology to condensed matter physics. In optics, the topology of…

We examine the various linkings in space-time of ``ball-like'' and ``ring-like'' topological solitons in certain nonlinear sigma models in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. By going to theories where soliton overlaps are forbidden, these linkings…

We address the properties of fully three-dimensional solitons in complex parity-time (PT)-symmetric periodic lattices with focusing Kerr nonlinearity, and uncover that such lattices can stabilize both, fundamental and vortex-carrying…

Relativistic solitons are self-trapped, finite size, electromagnetic waves of relativistic intensity that propagate without diffraction spreading. They have been predicted theoretically within the relativistic fluid approximation, and have…

We suggest a short review of literature on various solitonic lattices and individual solitons in quasi one-dimensional conductors. This information seems to be quite relevant to topics of stripes and their melted phases correspondingly. We…

We predict the existence and address the stability of two-dimensional surface solitons featuring topologically complex shapes, including dipoles, vortices, and bound states of vortex solitons, at the interface of nonlocal thermal media.…

We extend the list of known band structure topologies to include a large family of hyperbolic nodal links and knots, occurring both in conventional Hermitian systems where their stability relies on discrete symmetries, and in the…

The idea that the knottedness (hydrodynamic Helicity) of a fluid flow is conserved has a long history in fluid mechanics. The quintessential example of a knotted flow is a knotted vortex filament, however, owing to experimental…

By means of variational methods and systematic numerical analysis, we demonstrate the existence of stable solitons in three-dimensional (3D) free space, in the context of binary atomic condensates combining contact self-attraction and…

In this paper, we give an explicit construction of dynamical systems (defined within a solid torus) containing any knot (or link) and arbitrarily knotted chaos. The first is achieved by expressing the knots in terms of braids, defining a…

This concise review aims to provide a summary of the most relevant recent experimental and theoretical results for solitons, i.e., self-trapped bound states of nonlinear waves, in two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) media. In comparison…

We consider complex 3D polarizations in the interference of several vector wave fields with different commensurable frequencies and polarizations. We show that the resulting polarizations can form knots, and interfering three waves is…

We consider the space of all smooth knots in the 3-sphere isotopic to a given knot, with the aim of finding a small subspace onto which this large space deformation retracts. For torus knots and many hyperbolic knots we show the subspace…

We demonstrate the existence of stable three-dimensional spatiotemporal solitons (STSs) in media with a nonlocal cubic nonlinearity. Fundamental (nonspinning) STSs forming one-parameter families are stable if their propagation constant…