相关论文: Equilibrium Relativistic Mass Distribution
A canonical structure compatible with the action of the Lorentz group can be obtained considering the energy and time as conjugate variables of an extended phase space. Scalar probability waves, describing free relativistic particles, are…
We analyze a simple classical Hamiltonian system within the hypothesis of renormalizability and isotropy that essentially led Maxwell to his ubiquitous Gaussian distribution of velocities. We show that the equilibrium-like power-law energy…
Transition state theory (TST) is generalized for the nonequilibrium system with power-law distributions. The stochastic dynamics that gives rise to the power-law distributions for the reaction coordinate and momentum is modeled by the…
Probability distributions defined on the half space are known to be quite different from those in the full space. Here, a nonextensive entropic treatment is presented for the half space in an analytic and self-consistent way. In this…
We obtain a limit when mass tends to zero of the relativistic diffusion of Schay and Dudley. The diffusion process has the log-normal distribution. We discuss Langevin stochastic differential equations leading to an equilibrium…
Within the framework of the post-Newtonian $2\frac12$ approximation theory, a kinetic theory for relativistic gases in the presence of gravitational fields is developed. The Boltzmann equation and the equilibrium Maxwell-J\"uttner…
We look at the equilibrium of a Brownian particle in an inhomogeneous space following the alternative approach proposed in ref.[1]. We consider a coordinate dependent damping that makes the stochastic dynamics the one with multiplicative…
In relativistic kinetic theory, which underlies relativistic hydrodynamics, the molecular chaos hypothesis stands at the basis of the equilibrium Maxwell-Juttner probability distribution for the four-momentum $p^{\alpha}$. We investigate…
In 1988, Constantino Tsallis proposed an extension of the Boltzmann statistical mechanics by postulating a new entropy formula, $S_q = k_B\ln_q W$, where $W$ is the number of microstates accessible to the system, and $\ln_q$ defines a…
Paper in honour of Freeman Dyson on the occasion of his 80th birthday. Normal N-body systems relax to equilibrium distributions in which classical kinetic energy components are 1/2 kT, but, when inter-particle forces are an inverse cubic…
We present a view of the non-extensive thermodynamics based on general composition rules. A formal logarithm maps these rules to the addition, which can be used to generate stationary distributions by standard techniques. We review the most…
To obtain further insight on possible power law generalizations of Boltzmann equilibrium concepts, a stochastic collision model is investigated. We consider the dynamics of a tracer particle of mass $M$, undergoing elastic collisions with…
A multicanonical formalism is applied to the problem of statistical equilibrium in a complex system with a hierarchy of dynamical structures. At the small scales the system is in quasi-equilibrium and follows a Maxwell-Boltzmann…
The relativistic equilibrium velocity distribution plays a key role in describing several high-energy and astrophysical effects. Recently, computer simulations favored Juttner's as the relativistic generalization of Maxwell's distribution…
A fully relativistically covariant formulation of the classical Maxwell electrodynamics of an arbitrarily-moving point charge is presented, purely in terms of gauge invariant potentials without entailing any gauge fixing. A new,…
We find the equation of state $p,\rho \propto T^6,$ which gives the value of the sound velocity $c^2=0.20,$ in agreement with the ``realistic'' equation of state for hot hadronic matter suggested by Shuryak, in the framework of a covariant…
The properties of the nonextensive parameter q and the Tsallis distribution for self-gravitating systems are studied. A mathematical expression of q is deduced based on the generalized Boltzmann equation, the q-H theorem and the generalized…
Maxwell's velocity distribution is known to be universally valid across systems and phases. Here we present a new and general derivation that uses the central limit theorem (CLT) of the probability theory. This essentially uses the idea…
In this paper we review various information-theoretic characterizations of the approach to equilibrium in biological systems. The replicator equation, evolutionary game theory, Markov processes and chemical reaction networks all describe…
For a given spatial distribution of the lenses and distribution of the transverse velocity of the lens relative to the line-of-sight, a probability distribution for the lens mass for a single observed event is derived. In addition, similar…