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A linearly ordered (LO) $k$-colouring of a hypergraph assigns to each vertex a colour from the set $\{0,1,\ldots,k-1\}$ in such a way that each hyperedge has a unique maximum element. Barto, Batistelli, and Berg conjectured that it is…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-06-03 Johan Håstad , Björn Martinsson , Tamio-Vesa Nakajima , Stanislav Živný

We study the design of fixed-parameter algorithms for problems already known to be solvable in polynomial time. The main motivation is to get more efficient algorithms for problems with unattractive polynomial running times. Here, we focus…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2021-01-06 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , George B. Mertzios , Rolf Niedermeier

A \emph{unichord} in a graph is an edge that is the unique chord of a cycle. A \emph{square} is an induced cycle on four vertices. A graph is \emph{unichord-free} if none of its edges is a unichord. We give a slight restatement of a known…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2014-02-05 Raphael C. S. Machado , Celina M. H. de Figueiredo , Nicolas Trotignon

We study the maximization version of the fundamental graph coloring problem. Here the goal is to color the vertices of a k-colorable graph with k colors so that a maximum fraction of edges are properly colored (i.e. their endpoints receive…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2015-05-14 Venkatesan Guruswami , Ali Kemal Sinop

We consider the problem of maintaining a $(1+\epsilon)\Delta$-edge coloring in a dynamic graph $G$ with $n$ nodes and maximum degree at most $\Delta$. The state-of-the-art update time is $O_\epsilon(\text{polylog}(n))$, by Duan, He and…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Sayan Bhattacharya , Martín Costa , Nadav Panski , Shay Solomon

A Halin graph is a graph obtained by embedding a tree having no nodes of degree two in the plane, and then adding a cycle to join the leaves of the tree in such a way that the resulting graph is planar. According to the four color theorem,…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2019-03-08 A. Kapanowski , A. Krawczyk

We propose two strategies for Presenter in on-line graph coloring games. The first one constructs bipartite graphs and forces any on-line coloring algorithm to use $2\log_2 n - 10$ colors, where $n$ is the number of vertices in the…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-12-17 Grzegorz Gutowski , Jakub Kozik , Piotr Micek , Xuding Zhu

An \emph{interval $t$-coloring} of a multigraph $G$ is a proper edge coloring with colors $1,\dots,t$ such that the colors on the edges incident to every vertex of $G$ are colored by consecutive colors. A \emph{cyclic interval $t$-coloring}…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-11-22 Carl Johan Casselgren , Hrant H. Khachatrian , Petros A. Petrosyan

Vizing's Theorem from 1964 states that any $n$-vertex $m$-edge graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ can be {\em edge colored} using at most $\Delta + 1$ colors. For over 40 years, the state-of-the-art running time for computing such a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Sayan Bhattacharya , Martín Costa , Shay Solomon , Tianyi Zhang

The problem of finding the minimum number of colors to color a graph properly without containing any bicolored copy of a fixed family of subgraphs has been widely studied. Most well-known examples are star coloring and acyclic coloring of…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-11-09 Alaittin Kırtışoğlu , Lale Özkahya

We consider the problem of coloring a 3-colorable graph in polynomial time using as few colors as possible. This is one of the most challenging problems in graph algorithms. In this paper using Blum's notion of ``progress'', we develop a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Mikkel Thorup , Hirotaka Yoneda

A graph $G$ arrows a graph $H$ if in every $2$-edge-coloring of $G$ there exists a monochromatic copy of $H$. Schelp had the idea that if the complete graph $K_n$ arrows a small graph $H$, then every "dense" subgraph of $K_n$ also arrows…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-05-26 József Balogh , Alexandr Kostochka , Mikhail Lavrov , Xujun Liu

A proper vertex colouring of a graph is \emph{nested} if the vertices of each of its colour classes can be ordered by inclusion of their open neighbourhoods. Through a relation to partially ordered sets, we show that the nested chromatic…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-06-04 David Cook

The classical Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm aka color refinement is fundamental for graph learning with kernels and neural networks. Originally developed for graph isomorphism testing, the algorithm iteratively refines vertex colors. On many…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-09 Franka Bause , Nils M. Kriege

We consider the problem of linearly ordered (LO) coloring of hypergraphs. A hypergraph has an LO coloring if there is a vertex coloring, using a set of ordered colors, so that (i) no edge is monochromatic, and (ii) each edge has a unique…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Anand Louis , Alantha Newman , Arka Ray

We study the problem of determining whether a given graph~$G=(V,E)$ admits a matching~$M$ whose removal destroys all odd cycles of~$G$ (or equivalently whether~$G-M$ is bipartite). This problem is equivalent to determine whether~$G$ admits…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2019-06-12 Carlos V. G. C. Lima , Dieter Rautenbach , Uéverton S. Souza , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

In this paper, we consider the problem of finding a cycle of length $2k$ (a $C_{2k}$) in an undirected graph $G$ with $n$ nodes and $m$ edges for constant $k\ge2$. A classic result by Bondy and Simonovits [J.Comb.Th.'74] implies that if $m…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2017-03-31 Søren Dahlgaard , Mathias Bæk Tejs Knudsen , Morten Stöckel

Recent breakthroughs in graph streaming have led to the design of single-pass semi-streaming algorithms for various graph coloring problems such as $(\Delta+1)$-coloring, degeneracy-coloring, coloring triangle-free graphs, and others. These…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2021-10-01 Sepehr Assadi , Andrew Chen , Glenn Sun

We consider a natural combinatorial optimization problem on chordal graphs, the class of graphs with no induced cycle of length four or more. A subset of vertices of a chordal graph is (monophonically) convex if it contains the vertices of…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2018-06-27 Jean Cardinal , Jean-Paul Doignon , Keno Merckx

We consider the class of Berge graphs that do not contain a chordless cycle of length $4$. We present a purely graph-theoretical algorithm that produces an optimal coloring in polynomial time for every graph in that class.