相关论文: Zero frequency divergence and gauge phase factor i…

Using soft-graviton theorems a well-known zero-frequency limit (ZFL) for the gravitational radiation flux $dE^{GW}/d \omega$ is re-derived and extended to order ${{\cal O}}(\omega)$ and ${{\cal O}}(\omega^2)$ for arbitrary massless…

Recent advances in quantum photonics have enabled increasingly robust protocols in optical phase estimation, achieving precisions beyond the standard quantum limit and approaching the Heisenberg limit. While intrinsic losses hinder the…

We investigate the optical response to the THz pulses in the s-wave and ($s$+$p$)-wave superconducting semiconductor quantum wells by using the gauge-invariant optical Bloch equations, in which the gauge structure in the superconductivity…

The Gribov ambiguity problem is studied for compact lattice QED within the Lorentz gauge. In the Coulomb phase, Gribov copies are mainly caused by double Dirac sheets and zero-momentum modes of the gauge fields. Removing them by (non-)…

We study gauge theories with/without an extra dimension at finite temperature, in which there are two kinds of order parameters of gauge symmetry breaking. The one is the zero mode of the gauge field for the Euclidean time direction and the…

Liouville field theory has long been a cornerstone of two-dimensional quantum field theory and quantum gravity, which has attracted much recent attention in the mathematics literature. Timelike Liouville field theory is a version of…

We propose a theoretical description of the sin(2 phi) current-phase relation in SFS junctions at the 0-$\pi$ cross-over obtained in recent experiments by Sellier et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 257005 (2004)] where it was suggested that a…

Although time-independent models provide very useful dynamical information with a reduced computational burden, going beyond the quasi-static approximation provides enriched information when dealing with TeraHertz (THz) frequencies. In this…

Motivated by recent studies of fractons, we demonstrate that elasticity theory of a two-dimensional quantum crystal is dual to a fracton tensor gauge theory, providing a concrete manifestation of the fracton phenomenon in an ordinary solid.…

In a multiphase transport model with the initial electric quadrupole moment, we studied and discussed the charge asymmetry ($A_{\rm ch}$) dependence of flow at varied kinematic windows in semi-central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$…

Topological superconductors differ from topologically trivial ones for the presence of topologically protected zero-energy modes. To date, experimental evidence of topological superconductivity in nanostructures has been mainly obtained by…

Photon correlators in $~U(1)~$ pure gauge theory for different lattice actions are considered under the Lorentz gauge condition. They are shown to depend strongly on the gauge fixing ambiguity and on the corresponding existence of Dirac…

Highly coherent wave is favorable for applications in which phase retrieval is necessary, yet a high coherent wave is prone to encounter Rayleigh fading phenomenon as it passes through a medium of random scatters. As an exemplary case,…

We argue that there is a spontaneously broken rotational symmetry between space-time coordinates and gauge theoretical phases. The dilatonic mode acts as the massive Higgs boson, whose vacuum expectation value determines the gauge…

Interferometric methods, renowned for their reliability and precision, play a vital role in phase imaging. Interferometry typically requires high coherence and stability between the measured and the reference beam. The presence of rapid…

We examine the phase structure of the two-flavor Schwinger model as a function of the $\theta$-angle and the two masses, $m_1$ and $m_2$. In particular, we find interesting effects at $\theta=\pi$: along the $SU(2)$-invariant line $m_1 =…

The light-front (LF) quantization of QCD in light-cone gauge has a number of remarkable advantages, including explicit unitarity, a physical Fock expansion, the absence of ghost degrees of freedom, and the decoupling properties needed to…

Casimir friction is analyzed for a pair of dielectric particles in relative motion. We first adopt a microscopic model for harmonically oscillating particles at finite temperature T moving non-relativistically with constant velocity. We use…

We consider phase transitions, in the form of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) bifurcations of solitons, in dual-core couplers with fractional diffraction and cubic self-focusing acting in each core, characterized by Levy index $\alpha$.…

We present the electromagnetic gauge field interpolation between the instant form and the front form of the relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics and extend our interpolation of the scattering amplitude presented in the simple scalar field…