相关论文: State Selection in Accelerated Systems

We study the steady state of a multiply-connected system that is driven out of equilibrium by a sparse perturbation. The prototype example is an $N$-site ring coupled to a thermal bath, driven by a stationary source that induces transitions…

Metastability is a physical phenomenon ubiquitous in first order phase transitions. A fruitful mathematical way to approach this phenomenon is the study of rare transitions Markov chains. For Metropolis chains associated with Statistical…

Starting from the instability diagram of a traffic flow model, we derive conditions for the occurrence of congested traffic states, their appearance, their spreading in space and time, and the related increase in travel times. We discuss…

The presence of bound states in a nanoscale electronic system attached to two biased, macroscopic electrodes is shown to give rise to persistent, non-decaying, localized current oscillations which can be much larger than the steady part of…

We investigate how to enhance entanglement in the steady state of interacting two-level systems. The steady state is reached by spontaneous decay of the individual systems. When we additionally couple them to a dissipative two-level ancilla…

For the voter model, we study the effect of a memory-dependent transition rate. We assume that the transition of a spin into the opposite state decreases with the time it has been in its current state. Counter-intuitively, we find that the…

We introduce driven exclusion processes with internal states that serve as generic transport models in various contexts, ranging from molecular or vehicular traffic on parallel lanes to spintronics. The ensuing non-equilibrium steady states…

Stochastic systems often exhibit multiple viable metastable states that are long-lived. Over very long timescales, fluctuations may push the system to transition between them, drastically changing its macroscopic configuration. In realistic…

We argue that the vast majority of flux vacua with small cosmological constant are unstable to rapid decay to a big crunch. Exceptions are states with large compactification volume and supersymmetric and approximately supersymmetric states.…

The problem of locating the global optimum of functions is studied in a dynamic setting. The dynamics of simple multistable systems under the influence of chaotic forcing is investigated. When the magnitude of the forcing signal decays…

We study long-range interacting systems driven by external stochastic forces that act collectively on all the particles constituting the system. Such a scenario is frequently encountered in the context of plasmas, self-gravitating systems,…

We introduce two entanglement conditions that take the form of inequalities involving expectation values of operators. These conditions are sufficient conditions for entanglement, that is if they are satisfied the state is entangled, but if…

We numerically and analytically analyze transitions between different synchronous states in a network of globally coupled phase oscillators with attractive and repulsive interactions. The elements within the attractive or repulsive group…

The quench dynamics of a system involving two competing orders is investigated using a Ginzburg-Landau theory with relaxational dynamics. We consider the scenario where a pump rapidly heats the system to a high temperature, after which the…

Large systems of coupled oscillators subjected to a periodic external drive occur in many situations in physics and biology. Here the simple, paradigmatic case of equal-strength, all-to-all sine-coupling of phase oscillators subject to a…

Cortical neurons emit seemingly erratic trains of action potentials or "spikes," and neural network dynamics emerge from the coordinated spiking activity within neural circuits. These rich dynamics manifest themselves in a variety of…

The analysis on stability and bifurcations in the macroscopic dynamics exhibited by the system of two coupled large populations comprised of $N$ stochastic excitable units each is performed by studying an approximate system, obtained by…

Systems with many stable configurations abound in nature, both in living and inanimate matter. Their inherent nonlinearity and sensitivity to small perturbations make them challenging to study, particularly in the presence of external…

Metadynamics is a commonly used and successful enhanced sampling method. By the introduction of a history dependent bias which depends on a restricted number of collective variables(CVs) it can explore complex free energy surfaces…

Systems with the coexistence of different stable attractors are widely exploited in systems biology in order to suitably model the differentiating processes arising in living cells. In order to describe genetic regulatory networks several…