相关论文: State Selection in Accelerated Systems

We consider the problem of state selection for a stochastic system, initially in an unstable stationary state, when multiple metastable states compete for occupation. Using path-integral techniques we derive remarkably simple and accurate…

Diverse equilibrium systems with heterogeneous interactions lie at the edge of stability. Such marginally stable states are dynamically selected as the most abundant ones or as those with the largest basins of attraction. On the other hand,…

Metastability is observed when a physical system is close to a first order phase transition. In this paper the metastable behavior of a two state reversible probabilistic cellular automaton with self-interaction is discussed. Depending on…

The decay of unstable states when several metastable states are available for occupation is investigated using path-integral techniques. Specifically, a method is described which allows the probabilities with which the metastable states are…

In this thesis I study the dynamics of some nonequilibrium systems, using both computer simulations and theoretical tools. In particular, the following topics are studied: (i) metastability in a nonequilibrium ferromagnetic system, (ii) the…

We search for steady states in a class of fluctuating and driven physical systems that exhibit sustained currents. We find that the physical concept of a steady state, well known for systems at equilibrium, must be generalised to describe…

We consider quantum systems in entangled states post-selected in non-entangled states. Such systems exhibit unusual behavior, in particular when weak measurements are performed at intermediate times.

Metastable states appear as long-lived intermediate states in various natural transport phenomena which are governed by energy landscapes. As such, these intermediate metastable states dominate the system's dynamics at coarse grained times.…

The states of two phase-coupled superconducting rings have been investigated. Multiple current states have been revealed in the dependence of the critical current on the magnetic field. The performed calculations of the critical currents…

We study the stochastic dynamics of coupled states with transition probabilities depending on local persistence, this is, the time since a state has changed. When the population has a preference to adopt older states the system orders…

Multistability is an inseparable feature of many physical, chemical and biological systems which are driven far from equilibrium. In these nonequilibrium systems, stochastic dynamics often induces switching between distinct states on…

This paper investigates contraction properties of switched dynamical systems for the case that all modes are non-contracting, thereby extending existing results that require at least one mode to be contracting. Leveraging the property that…

We investigate a simple multisegment cellular automaton model of traffic flow. With the introduction of segment-dependent deceleration probability, metastable congested states in the intermediate density region emerge, and the initial state…

Applying the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations, transitions between metastable states of a superconducting ring are investigated in the presence of an external magnetic field. It is shown that if the ring exhibits several metastable…

We discuss metastable states in the mean-field version of the strong coupling BCS-model and study the evolution of a superconducting equilibrium state subjected to a dynamical semi-group with Lindblad generator in detailed balance w.r.t.…

Using recent mathematical advances, a geometric approach to rare noise-driven transition events in nonequilibrium systems is given, and an algorithm for computing the maximum likelihood transition curve is generalized to the case of…

The rates of activated processes, such as escape from a metastable state and nucleation, are exponentially sensitive to an externally applied field. We describe how this applies to modulation by high-frequency fields and illustrate it with…

Entanglement speeds up evolution of a pure bipartite spin state, in line with the time energy uncertainty. However if the state is mixed this is not necessarily the case. We provide a counter example and point to other factors affecting…

Bi-stable objects that are pushed between states by an external field are often used as a simple model to study memory formation in disordered materials. Such systems, called hysterons, are typically treated quasistatically. Here, we…

The stable and metastable states of different configurations of a loop in the form of an eight is studied in the presence of a magnetic field. We find that for certain configurations the current is equal to zero for any value of the…