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In 1986, Oliver Pretzel studied the set of orientations of a connected finite graph $G$ and showed that any two such orientations having the same flow-difference around all closed loops can be obtained from one another by a succession of…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-15 James Propp

Network embedding which encodes all vertices in a network as a set of numerical vectors in accordance with it's local and global structures, has drawn widespread attention. Network embedding not only learns significant features of a…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2017-04-20 Weiwei Gu , Li Gong , Xiandao Lou , Jiang Zhang

The distance matrix of a connected graph is the symmetric matrix with columns and rows indexed by the vertices and entries that are the pairwise distances between the corresponding vertices. We give a construction for graphs which differ in…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-06-23 Kristin Heysse

The Laplacian matrix and its pseudo-inverse for a strongly connected directed graph is fundamental in computing many properties of a directed graph. Examples include random-walk centrality and betweenness measures, average hitting and…

数值分析 · 数学 2020-09-16 Daniel Boley

We present general algorithms (fully implemented in Maple) for calculations of various quantities related to constrained directed walks for a general set of steps on the square lattice in two dimensions. As a special case, we rederive…

统计力学 · 物理学 2020-06-16 Arvind Ayyer , Doron Zeilberger

It is well known that the weak limit of a suitably scaled continuous-time random walk (CTRW) is the Brownian motion. We investigate the convergence of certain patterned random matrices whose entries are independent CTRWs and their…

概率论 · 数学 2026-01-05 Arup Bose , Pradeep Vishwakarma

The vertex-edge incidence matrix of a (connected) unicyclic graph G is a square matrix which is invertible if and only if the cycle of G is an odd cycle. A combinatorial formula of the inverse of the incidence matrix of an odd unicyclic…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-01-10 Ryan Hessert , Sudipta Mallik

An oriented hypergraph is an oriented incidence structure that allows for the generalization of graph theoretic concepts to integer matrices through its locally signed graphic substructure. The locally graphic behaviors are formalized in…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-12-16 Will Grilliette , Josephine Reynes , Lucas J. Rusnak

Graph vertex embeddings based on random walks have become increasingly influential in recent years, showing good performance in several tasks as they efficiently transform a graph into a more computationally digestible format while…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-07-22 Dominik Kloepfer , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero , Daniel Heydecker

We consider a hierarchy of graph invariants that naturally extends the spectral invariants defined by F\"urer (Lin. Alg. Appl. 2010) based on the angles formed by the set of standard basis vectors and their projections onto eigenspaces of…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 V. Arvind , Frank Fuhlbrück , Johannes Köbler , Oleg Verbitsky

In the theory of line graphs of undirected graphs there exists an important theorem linking the incidence matrix of the root graph to the adjacency matrix of its line graph. For directed or mixed graphs, however, the exists no analogous…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-05-12 Mohammad Abudayah , Omar Alomari , Torsten Sander

A graph $G$ is a prime distance graph (respectively, a 2-odd graph) if its vertices can be labeled with distinct integers such that for any two adjacent vertices, the difference of their labels is prime (either 2 or odd). We prove that…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-06-07 Joshua D. Laison , Colin Starr , Andrea Walker

Gain graphs are graphs where the edges are given some orientation and labeled with the elements (called gains) from a group so that gains are inverted when we reverse the direction of the edges. Generalizing the notion of gain graphs, skew…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-21 K. Shahul Hameed , Roshni T Roy , P. Soorya , K. A. Germina

For a given hypergraph, an orientation can be assigned to the vertex-edge incidences. This orientation is used to define the adjacency and Laplacian matrices. In addition to studying these matrices, several related structures are…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-09-08 Nathan Reff

The {\it inversion} of a set $X$ of vertices in a digraph $D$ consists in reversing the direction of all arcs of $D\langle X\rangle$. The {\it inversion number} of an oriented graph $D$, denoted by ${\rm inv}(D)$, is the minimum number of…

Synchronization phenomena on networks have attracted much attention in studies of neural, social, economic, and biological systems, yet we still lack a systematic understanding of how relative synchronizability relates to underlying network…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2023-09-08 Joseph T. Lizier , Frank Bauer , Fatihcan M. Atay , Jürgen Jost

It is shown that the hopping of a single excitation on certain triangular spin lattices with non-uniform couplings and local magnetic fields can be described as the projections of quantum walks on graphs of the ordered Hamming scheme of…

数学物理 · 物理学 2019-07-03 Hiroshi Miki , Satoshi Tsujimoto , Luc Vinet

A traversal of a connected graph is a linear ordering of its vertices all of whose initial segments induce connected subgraphs. Traversals, and their refinements such as breadth-first and depth-first traversals, are computed by various…

逻辑 · 数学 2018-10-24 Siddharth Bhaskar , Anton Jay Kienzle

This paper deals with adjacency matrices of signed cycle graphs and chemical descriptors based on them. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrices are calculated and their efficacy in classifying different signed cycles is determined.…

组合数学 · 数学 2016-10-18 A. M. Mathai , Thomas Zaslavsky

The problem of decomposing networks into modules (or clusters) has gained much attention in recent years, as it can account for a coarse-grained description of complex systems, often revealing functional subunits of these systems. A variety…

数学物理 · 物理学 2014-08-01 Natasa Djurdjevac Conrad , Ralf Banisch , Christof Schütte