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Complex numbers play an indispensable role in quantum mechanics and quantum information, as validated by both theoretical analysis and experimental verification. Since quantum information processing inherently relies on quantum channels,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-15 Ting Zhang , Jinchuan Hou , Xiaofei Qi

It has been a long-standing debate that why quantum mechanics uses complex numbers but not only real numbers. To address this topic, in recent years, the imaginarity theory has been developed in the way of quantum resource theory. However,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-12-06 Jianwei Xu

Complex numbers are indispensable in quantum mechanics and the resource theory of imaginarity has been developed recently. In this paper, we propose a method to construct imaginary measures by real part states. Specifically, we propose an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-22 Jingyan Liu , Yue Sun , Jianwei Xu , Ming-Jing Zhao

It is a fundamental question that why quantum mechanics uses complex numbers instead of only real numbers. To address this topic, recently, a rigorous resource theory for the imaginarity of quantum states were established, and several…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-11-11 Jianwei Xu

In this paper, a computable multipartite multimode Gaussian quantum correlation measure ${\mathcal M}^{(k)}$ is proposed for any $k$-partite continuous-variable (CV) systems with $k\geq 2$. ${\mathcal M}^{(k)}$ depends only on the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-03-01 Jinchuan Hou , Liang Liu , Xiaofei Qi

From the perspective of resource-theoretic approach, this study explores the quantification of imaginary in quantum physics. We propose a well defined measure of imaginarity, the geometric-like measure of imaginarity. Compared with the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-10-29 Meng-Li Guo , Bo Li , Shao-Ming Fei

Genuine multimode entanglement in continuous variable systems can be quantified by exploring the geometry of the state-space, namely via the generalized geometric measure (GGM) which is defined as the shortest distance of a given multimode…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-07-22 Saptarshi Roy , Tamoghna Das , Aditi Sen De

Complex numbers are widely used in both classical and quantum physics, and play an important role in describing quantum systems and their dynamical behavior. In this paper we study several measures of imaginarity of quantum states in the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-07-11 Qiang Chen , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

Multimode Gaussian states are a versatile resource for quantum information technologies and have been realized across a wide range of physical platforms. Recent progress in the large-scale generation of such states provides a key ingredient…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-14 Chan Roh , Geunhee Gwak , Young-Do Yoon , Young-Sik Ra

Measurement-based quantum correlation mimics several characteristics of multipartite quantum correlations and at the same time, it reduces the parent system to a smaller subsystem. On the other hand, genuine multipartite entanglement…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-03-19 Ratul Banerjee , Saptarshi Roy , Tamoghna Das , Aditi Sen De

Complex numbers are theoretically proved and experimentally confirmed as necessary in quantum mechanics and quantum information, and a resource theory of imaginarity of quantum states has been established. In this work, we establish a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-08 Chuanfa Wu , Zhaoqi Wu

Quantum reservoir computing is a machine learning scheme in which a quantum system is used to perform information processing. A prospective approach to its physical realization is a photonic platform in which continuous variable (CV)…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-10-23 Markku Hahto , Johannes Nokkala

We derive a computable analytical formula for the quantum fidelity between two arbitrary multimode Gaussian states which is simply expressed in terms of their first- and second-order statistical moments. We also show how such a formula can…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-12-23 Leonardo Banchi , Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola

In this work we introduce a general scheme for measurement based quantum computation in continuous variables. Our approach does not necessarily rely on the use of ancillary cluster states to achieve its aim, but rather on the detection of a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-02-01 Giulia Ferrini , Jonathan Roslund , Francesco Arzani , Claude Fabre , Nicolas Treps

The imaginary in quantum theory plays a crucial role in describing quantum coherence and is widely applied in quantum information tasks such as state discrimination, pseudorandomness generation, and quantum metrology. A recent paper by…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-12 Mao-Sheng Li , Yi-Xi Tan

Gaussian states are the backbone of quantum information protocols with continuous variable systems, whose power relies fundamentally on the entanglement between the different modes. In the case of global pure states, knowledge of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-11-08 Fernando Nicacio , Andrea Valdés-Hernández , Ana P. Majtey , Fabricio Toscano

Quantum theory is traditionally formulated using complex numbers. This imaginarity of quantum theory has been quantified as a resource with applications in discrimination tasks, pseudorandomness generation, and quantum metrology. Here we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-11-15 Carlos Fernandes , Rafael Wagner , Leonardo Novo , Ernesto F. Galvão

The use of imaginary numbers in modelling quantum mechanical systems encompasses the wave-like nature of quantum states. Here we introduce a resource theoretic framework for imaginarity, where the free states are taken to be those with…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-09-17 Alexander Hickey , Gilad Gour

Gaussian states are widely regarded as one of the most relevant classes of continuous-variable (CV) quantum states, as they naturally arise in physical systems and play a key role in quantum technologies. This motivates a fundamental…

Entangled two-mode Gaussian states are a key resource for quantum information technologies such as teleportation, quantum cryptography and quantum computation, so quantification of Gaussian entanglement is an important problem. Entanglement…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-01-03 Spyros Tserkis , Timothy C. Ralph
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