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In the contemporary age of information, organisations have realised the importance of data to innovate and thereby attain a competitive advantage. As a result, firms are more focused on understanding the potential to achieve data-driven…

The 2024 Index is our most comprehensive to date and arrives at an important moment when AI's influence on society has never been more pronounced. This year, we have broadened our scope to more extensively cover essential trends such as…

Citation numbers and other quantities derived from bibliographic databases are becoming standard tools for the assessment of productivity and impact of research activities. Though widely used, still their statistical properties have not…

Scientific breakthroughs typically emerge through the surprising violation of established research ideas, yet quantifying surprise has remained elusive because it requires a coherent model of all contemporary scientific worldviews. Deep…

The creative process is essentially Darwinian and only a small proportion of creative ideas are selected for further development. However, the threshold that identifies this small fraction of successfully disseminated creative ideas at…

There are various mathematical models proposed in the recent literature for estimating the h-index through bibliometric measures, such as number of articles (P) and citations received (C). These models have been previously empirically…

Science is a growing system, exhibiting ~4% annual growth in publications and ~1.8% annual growth in the number of references per publication. Combined these trends correspond to a 12-year doubling period in the total supply of references,…

The recognition of academic excellence is fundamental to the scientific and academic endeavor. However, the term "academic excellence" is often interpreted in different ways, typically, using popular scientometrics such as the H-index,…

Ranking scientific authors is an important but challenging task, mostly due to the dynamic nature of the evolving scientific publications. The basic indicators of an author's productivity and impact are still the number of publications and…

Whenever human beings interact with each other, they exchange or express opinions, emotions, and sentiments. These opinions can be expressed in text, speech or images. Analysis of these sentiments is one of the popular research areas of…

In this paper, we investigate the retrievability of datasets and publications in a real-life Digital Library (DL). The measure of retrievability was originally developed to quantify the influence that a retrieval system has on the access to…

Despite the importance of social science knowledge for various stakeholders, measuring its diffusion into different domains remains a challenge. This study uses a novel text-based approach to measure the idea-level diffusion of social…

Whether the media faithfully communicate scientific information has long been a core issue to the science community. Automatically identifying paraphrased scientific findings could enable large-scale tracking and analysis of information…

The two Journal Citation Reports of the Science Citation Index 2004 and the Social Science Citation Index 2004 were combined in order to analyze and map journals and specialties at the edges and in the overlap between the two databases. For…

We propose a simple new index, named the $CI$-index, based on the Choquet integral to characterize the scientific output of researchers. This index is an improvement of the $A$-index and $R$-index and has a notable feature that highly cited…

New scientific ideas drive progress, yet measuring scientific novelty remains challenging. We use natural language processing to detect the origin and impact of new ideas in scientific publications. To validate our methods, we analyze Nobel…

The constantly increasing rate at which scientific papers are published makes it difficult for researchers to identify papers that currently impact the research field of their interest. Hence, approaches to effectively identify papers of…

We study the distributions of citations received by a single publication within several disciplines, spanning broad areas of science. We show that the probability that an article is cited $c$ times has large variations between different…

In order to create new products, inventors search and combine previous ideas. Few studies have examined the characteristics of search that lead to new products; most have focused on patent citations, which are often retrospective and may…

There is a growing need for ranking universities, departments, research groups, and individual scholars. Usually, the scientific community measures the scientific merits of the researchers by using a variety of indicators that take into…