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An injective edge-coloring $c$ of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that if $e_1$, $e_2$, and $e_3$ are three consecutive edges in $G$ (they are consecutive if they form a path or a cycle of length three), then $e_1$ and $e_3$ receive…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-09-01 Baya Ferdjallah , Samia Kerdjoudj , Andre Raspaud

The star chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of the graph so that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored. We obtain a near-linear upper bound in terms of the…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-03-17 Zdeněk Dvořák , Bojan Mohar , Robert Šámal

The {\em acyclic chromatic number} of a graph is the least number of colors needed to properly color its vertices so that none of its cycles has only two colors. The {\em acyclic chromatic index} is the analogous graph parameter for edge…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-10-15 Lefteris Kirousis , John Livieratos

In a graph $G$ of maximum degree $\Delta$ let $\gamma$ denote the largest fraction of edges that can be $\Delta$ edge-coloured. Albertson and Haas showed that $\gamma \geq 13/15$ when $G$ is cubic . We show here that this result can be…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2012-02-01 Jean-Luc Fouquet , Jean-Marie Vanherpe

We study two measures of uncolourability of cubic graphs, their colouring defect and perfect matching index. The colouring defect of a cubic graph $G$ is the smallest number of edges left uncovered by three perfect matchings; the perfect…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-05-26 Ján Karabáš , Edita Máčajová , Roman Nedela , Martin Škoviera

An edge-colored graph is a graph in which each edge is assigned a color. Such a graph is called strongly edge-colored if each color class forms an induced matching, and called rainbow if all edges receive pairwise distinct colors. In this…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-01-23 Laihao Ding , Xiaolan Hu , Suyun Jiang

Total coloring of a graph is a coloring of its vertices and edges such that adjacent or incident elements receive distinct colors. Total coloring conjecture (stipulating that the total chromatic number of a graph $G$ is at most…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-25 František Kardoš , Matúš Matok

The star chromatic index of a multigraph $G$, denoted $\chi'_{s}(G)$, is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of $G$ such that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored. A multigraph $G$ is star…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-13 Hui Lei , Yongtang Shi , Zi-Xia Song , Tao Wang

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to edges such that every color class induces a matching. We here focus on bipartite graphs whose one part is of maximum degree at most $3$ and the other part is of maximum…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2015-08-19 Julien Bensmail , Aurélie Lagoutte , Petru Valicov

We consider graphs $G$ with $\Delta=3$ such that $\chi'(G)=4$ and $\chi'(G-e)=3$ for every edge $e$, so-called \emph{critical} graphs. Jakobsen noted that the Petersen graph with a vertex deleted, $P^*$, is such a graph and has average…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-06-19 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of all color classes differ by at most $1$. For a list assignment $L$ of $k$ colors to each vertex of an $n$-vertex graph $G$, an equitable $L$-coloring of $G$ is a proper…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-12-30 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

Inspired by the majority colorings and C-colorings, we introduce and study the majority C-coloring of graphs. In such a vertex coloring, every vertex shares its color with at least half of its neighbors. The maximum number of colors that…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-23 Csilla Bujtas , Magda Dettlaff , Hanna Furmanczyk , Aleksandra Laskowska

In a (proper) edge-coloring of a bridgeless cubic graph G an edge e is rich (resp. poor) if the number of colors of all edges incident to end-vertices of e is 5 (resp. 3). An edge-coloring of G is is normal if every edge of G is either rich…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-05-11 Jelena Sedlar , Riste Škrekovski

The star chromatic index of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi'_{st}(G) $, is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of $G$ such that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored. Casselgren et al. and Hou et al.…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-11-18 Xingxing Hu , Yunfang Tang

A proper coloring of a graph is \emph{conflict-free} if, for every non-isolated vertex, some color is used exactly once on its neighborhood. Caro, Petru\v{s}evski, and \v{S}krekovski proved that every graph $G$ has a proper conflict-free…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-12-16 Daniel W. Cranston , Chun-Hung Liu

A strong edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring in which each color class is an induced matching of $G$. In 1993, Brualdi and Quinn Massey proposed a conjecture that every bipartite graph without $4$-cycles and with the…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-12-09 Borut Lužar , Martina Mockovčiaková , Roman Soták , Riste Škrekovski

A {\em conflict-free coloring} of a graph {\em with respect to open} (resp., {\em closed}) {\em neighborhood} is a coloring of vertices such that for every vertex there is a color appearing exactly once in its open (resp., closed)…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-10-11 Igor Fabrici , Borut Lužar , Simona Rindošová , Roman Soták

The chromatic index of a cubic graph is either 3 or 4. Edge-Kempe switching, which can be used to transform edge-colorings, is here considered for 3-edge-colorings of cubic graphs. Computational results for edge-Kempe switching of cubic…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-05-05 Jan Goedgebeur , Patric R. J. Östergård

We consider two graph colouring problems in which edges at distance at most $t$ are given distinct colours, for some fixed positive integer $t$. We obtain two upper bounds for the distance-$t$ chromatic index, the least number of colours…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-10-29 Tomáš Kaiser , Ross J. Kang

In this paper, we introduce the notion of $t$-tone edge coloring. A $t$-tone edge $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ assigns to each edge of $G$ a set of $t$ distinct colors from $\{1,\dots,k\}$ such that any two edges at distance $d$ share fewer…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-05-26 Hadeel Al Bazzal