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Systematic discovery of optimization paths in quantum circuit simplification remains a challenge. Today, ZX-calculus, a computing model for quantum circuit transformation, is attracting attention for its highly abstract graph-based…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Kayo Tei , Haruto Mishina , Naoki Yamamoto , Kazunori Ueda

In 2008 Coecke and Duncan proposed the graphical ZX-calculus rewrite system which came to formalize reasoning with quantum circuits, measurements and quantum states. The ZX-calculus is sound for qubit quantum mechanics. Hence, equality of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-01-18 J Biamonte , A Nasrallah

The prop formalism allows representation of processes withstring diagrams and has been successfully applied in various areas such as quantum computing, electric circuits and control flow graphs. However, these graphical approaches suffer…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2020-07-08 Titouan Carette , Simon Perdrix

Finite-dimensional quantum theory serves as the theoretical foundation for quantum information and computation. Mathematically, it is formalized in the category FHilb, comprising all finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces and linear maps between…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-28 Quanlong Wang , Boldizsár Poór , Razin A. Shaikh

The ZX-calculus is a graphical language for reasoning about quantum computing and quantum information theory. As a complete graphical language, it incorporates a set of axioms rich enough to derive any equation of the underlying formalism.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-21 Boldizsár Poór , Razin A. Shaikh , Quanlong Wang

We introduce a ZX-like diagrammatic language devoted to manipulating real matrices - and rebits -, with its own set of axioms. We prove the necessity of some non trivial axioms of these. We show that some restriction of the language is…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-03-05 Emmanuel Jeandel , Simon Perdrix , Renaud Vilmart

Knowledge graphs (KG) have become an important data organization paradigm. The available textual query languages for information retrieval from KGs, as SPARQL for RDF-structured data, do not provide means for involving non-technical experts…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2023-05-01 Jūlija Ovčiņņikiva , Agris Šostaks , Kārlis Čerāns

The ZX, ZW and ZH calculi are all graphical calculi for reasoning about pure state qubit quantum mechanics. All of these languages use certain diagrammatic decorations, called !-boxes and phase variables, to indicate not just one diagram…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-05-04 Hector Miller-Bakewell

ZX-Calculus is a versatile graphical language for quantum computation equipped with an equational theory. Getting inspiration from Geometry of Interaction, in this paper we propose a token-machine-based asynchronous model of both pure…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2022-08-04 Kostia Chardonnet , Benoît Valiron , Renaud Vilmart

The ZX-calculus is a universal graphical language for qubit quantum computation, meaning that every linear map between qubits can be expressed in the ZX-calculus. Furthermore, it is a complete graphical rewrite system: any equation…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-08-22 Boldizsár Poór , Quanlong Wang , Razin A. Shaikh , Lia Yeh , Richie Yeung , Bob Coecke

The Scalable ZX-calculus is a compact graphical language used to reason about linear maps between quantum states. These diagrams have multiple applications, but they frequently have to be constructed in a case-by-case basis. In this work we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-11-17 Augustin Borgna , Rafael Romero

The ZX-calculus is a powerful framework for reasoning in quantum computing. It provides in particular a compact representation of matrices of interests. A peculiar property of the ZX-calculus is the absence of a formal sum allowing the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-08-07 Emmanuel Jeandel , Simon Perdrix , Margarita Veshchezerova

The ZX-calculus is a graphical calculus for reasoning about quantum systems and processes. It is known to be universal for pure state qubit quantum mechanics, meaning any pure state, unitary operation and post-selected pure projective…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-09-22 Miriam Backens

Quantum computing is an emerging computational paradigm with the potential to outperform classical computers in solving a variety of problems. To achieve this, quantum programs are typically represented as quantum circuits, which must be…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-18 Valter Uotila , Cong Yu , Bo Zhao

The ZX-calculus is a graphical language for reasoning about quantum computation using ZX-diagrams, a certain flexible generalisation of quantum circuits that can be used to represent linear maps from $m$ to $n$ qubits for any $m,n \geq 0$.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-09-05 Niel de Beaudrap , Aleks Kissinger , John van de Wetering

In recent years, diagrammatic languages have been shown to be a powerful and expressive tool for reasoning about physical, logical, and semantic processes represented as morphisms in a monoidal category. In particular, categorical quantum…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-04-19 Aleks Kissinger

While stabilizer tableaus have proven exceptionally useful as a descriptive tool for additive quantum codes, they offer little guidance for concrete constructions or coding algorithm analysis. We introduce a representation of stabilizer…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-01-31 Andrey Boris Khesin

We introduce the LOv-calculus, a graphical language for reasoning about linear optical quantum circuits with so-called vacuum state auxiliary inputs. We present the axiomatics of the language and prove its soundness and completeness: two…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-11-15 Alexandre Clément , Nicolas Heurtel , Shane Mansfield , Simon Perdrix , Benoît Valiron

Graphical calculi for representing interacting quantum systems serve a number of purposes: compositionally, intuitive graphical reasoning, and a logical underpinning for automation. The power of these calculi stems from the fact that they…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2011-03-17 Bob Coecke , Aleks Kissinger , Alex Merry , Shibdas Roy

The ZX-Calculus is a graphical language for quantum mechanics. An axiomatisation has recently been proven to be complete for an approximatively universal fragment of quantum mechanics, the so-called Clifford+T fragment. We focus here on the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-02-26 Emmanuel Jeandel , Simon Perdrix , Renaud Vilmart