相关论文: Information Gain as a Tool for Assessing Biosignat…

Model-based geostatistical design involves the selection of locations to collect data to minimise an expected loss function over a set of all possible locations. The loss function is specified to reflect the aim of data collection, which,…

The quest to find extraterrestrial life is a critical scientific endeavor with civilization-level implications. Icy moons in our solar system are promising targets for exploration because their liquid oceans make them potential habitats for…

Information causality was proposed as a physical principle to put upper bound on the accessible information gain in a physical bi-partite communication scheme. Intuitively, the information gain cannot be larger than the amount of classical…

Informational parsimony provides a useful inductive bias for learning representations that achieve better generalization by being robust to noise and spurious correlations. We propose \textit{information gating} as a way to learn…

The question of selecting the "best" amongst different choices is a common problem in statistics. In drug development, our motivating setting, the question becomes, for example: what is the dose that gives me a pre-specified risk of…

We consider periodical status updates between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver, in the presence of an eavesdropper that is sometimes able to capture pieces of information. We assume that, in the absence of such a threat, the…

We address the trade-off between information gain and state disturbance in measurement performed on qudit systems and devise a class of optimal measurement schemes that saturate the ultimate bound imposed by quantum mechanics to estimation…

In this thesis, I reflect on quantum instruments that measure the state of pure finite dimensional quantum systems. As the Heisenberg principle dictates, there exists a joint restriction to the information gain and distortion by measurement…

The discovery of inhabited exoplanets hinges on identifying biosignature gases. JWST can reveal biosignature gases, though current discoveries have yet to evidence life. The central challenge is attribution: how can we confidently identify…

The electronic gain -- the conversion between photoelectrons on a pixel and the digital number recorded to disk -- gives physical units to an astronomical image and sets the relation between pixel value and photon noise. This paper presents…

Provided that sufficient resources are deployed, we can look forward to an extraordinary future in which we will characterize potentially habitable planets. Until now, we have had to base interpretations of observations on habitability…

The information provided by a classical measurement is unambiguously determined by the mutual information between the output results and the measured quantity. However, quantum mechanically there are at least two notions of information…

Quantitatively predictive models of biomolecular circuits are important tools for the design of synthetic biology and molecular communication circuits. The information content of typical time-lapse single-cell data for the inference of…

We propose a formal expansion of the transfer entropy to put in evidence irreducible sets of variables which provide information for the future state of each assigned target. Multiplets characterized by a large contribution to the expansion…

Bayesian Experimental Design (BED), which aims to find the optimal experimental conditions for Bayesian inference, is usually posed as to optimize the expected information gain (EIG). The gradient information is often needed for efficient…

Mutual information is a widely-used information theoretic measure to quantify the amount of association between variables. It is used extensively in many applications such as image registration, diagnosis of failures in electrical machines,…

Biologists measure information in different ways. Neurobiologists and researchers in bioinformatics often measure information using information-theoretic measures such as Shannon's entropy or mutual information. Behavioral biologists and…

We explore scaling relations for the information carried by individual events, and how that information accumulates in catalogs like those from ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. For a variety of situations, the larger number of…

We discuss the use of the Bayesian evidence ratio, or Bayes factor, for model selection in astronomy. We treat the evidence ratio as a statistic and investigate its distribution over an ensemble of experiments, considering both simple…

Molecular assembly offers a promising path to detect life beyond Earth, while minimizing assumptions based on terrestrial life. As mass spectrometers will be central to upcoming Solar System missions, predicting molecular assembly from…