相关论文: On the energy density in quantum mechanics

We use analytical calculations and event-driven molecular dynamics simulations to study a small number of hard sphere particles in a spherical cavity. The cavity is taken also as the thermal bath so that the system thermalizes by collisions…

In quantum field theory it is generally known that the energy density may be negative at a given point in spacetime. A number of papers have shown that there is a restriction on this energy density which is called a quantum inequality (QI).…

By introducing a phase field and solving the eigen-functional equation of particles, we obtain the exact expressions of the ground state energy as a functional of the particle density for interacting electron/boson systems, and a…

A method for determination of bound state energies for an asymmetric quantum well with an arbitrary shape of the bottom is suggested. It is shown that how the equation determining the energy levels can be easily derived if one knows the…

Many-body quantum-mechanical stationary states that have real valued wavefunctions are shown to satisfy a classical conservation of energy equation with a kinetic energy function. The terms in the equation depend on the probability…

The quantum mechanical probability densities are compared with the probability densities treated by the theory of random variables. The relevance of their difference for the interpretation of quantum mechanics is commented.

Quantum measurement of a system can change its mean energy, as well as entropy. A selective measurement (classical or quantum) can be used as a "Maxwell's demon" to power a single-temperature heat engine, by decreasing the entropy. Quantum…

A suitable way of quantifying work for microscopic quantum systems has been constantly debated in the field of quantum thermodynamics. One natural approach is to measure the average increase in energy of an ancillary system, called the…

We derive expressions for the expectation values of the local energy and the local power transferred by an external electrical field to a many-particle system of interacting spinless electrons. In analogy with the definition of the (local)…

Over the last few decades, developments in the physical limits of computing and quantum computing have increasingly taught us that it can be helpful to think about physics itself in computational terms. For example, work over the last…

A quantum measurement involves energy exchanges between the system to be measured and the measuring apparatus. Some of them involve energy losses, for example because energy is dissipated into the environment or is spent in recording the…

We investigate the meaning of the wave function by analyzing the mass and charge density distributions of a quantum system. According to protective measurement, a charged quantum system has mass and charge density distributing in space,…

In a recent paper [J. Math. Phys. 47 082303 (2006)], Quantum Energy Inequalities were used to place simple geometrical bounds on the energy densities of quantum fields in Minkowskian spacetime regions. Here, we refine this analysis for…

A two-body quantum correlation is calculated for a particle and an infinite potential well in which it is trapped or either a barrier or finite well over which it traverses. Correlated interference results when the incident and reflected…

The pressure exerted on a wall by a gas at equilibrium does not depend on the shape of the confining potential defining the wall. In contrast, it has been shown recently [A.P. Solon et al., Nat. Phys. 11, 673 (2015)] that a gas of…

This paper derives and demonstrates a new, purely density-based ab initio approach for calculation of the energies and properties of many-electron systems. It is based upon the discovery of relationships that govern the "mechanics" of the…

Density-functional theory is a formally exact description of a many-body quantum system in terms of its density; in practice, however, approximations to the universal density functional are required. In this work, a model based on deep…

We present a graphical approach to understanding the degeneracy, density of states, and cumulative state number for some simple quantum systems. By taking advantage of basic computing operations we define a straightforward procedure for…

In a continuing effort to understand divergences which occur when quantum fields are confined by bounding surfaces, we investigate local energy densities (and the local energy-momentum tensor) in the vicinity of a wall. In this paper,…

The regularized vacuum energy (or energy density) of a quantum field subjected to static external conditions is shown to satisfy a certain partial differential equation with respect to two variables, the mass and the "time" (ultraviolet…