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Plasma processing of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities has shown an improvement in accelerating gradient by reducing the radiation due to field emission and multipacting. Plasma processing is a common technique where the free…

Plasma processing of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities has been an active research effort at Jefferson Lab (JLab) since 2019, aimed at enhancing cavity performance by removing hydrocarbon contaminants and reducing field…

Jefferson Lab began a plasma processing program start-ing in the spring of 2019. Plasma processing is a common technique for removing hydrocarbons from surfaces, which increases the work function and reduces the sec-ondary emission…

Processes occurring in a radio-frequency (rf) cavity, filled with high pressure gas and interacting with proton beams, have been studied via advanced numerical simulations. Simulations support the experimental program on the hydrogen…

Field emission is one of the factors that can limit the performance of superconducting radio frequency cavities. In order to reduce possible field emission in LCLS-II (Linac Coherent Light Source II), we are developing plasma processing for…

A comprehensive exploration of regional dust evacuation in complex plasma crystals is presented. Voids created in 3D crystals on the International Space Station have provided a rich foundation for experiments, but cavities in dust crystals…

Complex plasmas are low-temperature plasmas that contain micrometer-size particles in addition to the neutral gas particles and the ions and electrons that make up the plasma. The microparticles interact strongly and display a wealth of…

Field emission (FE) is one of the main limiting factors of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities operating in accelerators and it occurs whenever contaminants, like dust, metal flakes or even absorbates, are present on the surface…

Molecular Dynamics simulations are becoming a powerful tool for examining and predicting atomic and molecular processes in various environment. The present review shows how, in the fields of plasma physics, chemistry and interactions with…

Plasma based surface modification of niobium is a promising alternative to wet etching of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. The development of the technology based on Cl2/Ar plasma etching has to address several crucial…

This work presents a reaction mechanism for oxygen plasmas, i.e. a set of reactions and corresponding rate coefficients that are validated against benchmark experiments. The kinetic scheme is validated in a DC glow discharge for gas…

To assess the feasibility of in-situ plasma cleaning for copper cavities, a 13.56 MHz inductively coupled plasma platform with a built-in coil was developed at Tsinghua University. Experiments were conducted using this platform to optimize…

The reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted into the earth's atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, has obviously become a priority. Replacing fossil fuels with cleaner renewable fuels (such as ammonia) in internal combustion engines for…

In this paper we describe a simple and inexpensive method to generate plasma using a kitchen microwave. The microwave-generated plasma is characterized by spectroscopic analysis and compared with the absorption spectra of a gas discharge…

We describe a simple practical numerical method for simulating plasma driven within a vacuum chamber by a pulsed power generator. Typically, in this type of simulation, the vacuum region adjacent to the plasma is approximated as a highly…

In-situ plasma processing of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities is a performance recovery technique used to mitigate the field emission limiting phenomenon. It has been proved very effective at major particle accelerator…

A novel efficient scheme of acceleration and collimation of dense plasma is proposed and examined. In the proposed scheme, a target placed in a cavity at the entrance of a guiding channel is irradiated by a laser beam introduced into the…

With the aid of COMSOL multiphysics simulations, a compact microwave plasma reactor operated at 2.45 GHz frequency has been designed for diamond film deposition. The reactor consists of a cylindrical cavity that resonates in the fundamental…

This study employs a quasi-1.5D multi-temperature model to investigate the mechanisms governing NOx production and energy costs in microwave plasma reactors operating at 80 mbar, focusing on the interplay of vibrational, chemical and…

Plasma treatment increases the surface energy of condensed phases: solids and liquids. Two independent methods of the quantification of the influence imposed by a cold radiofrequency air plasma treatment on the surface properties of…