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Semiconductor design houses rely on third-party foundries to manufacture their integrated circuits (IC). While this trend allows them to tackle fabrication costs, it introduces security concerns as external (and potentially malicious)…

Recently, eFPGA-based redaction has been proposed as a promising solution for hiding parts of a digital design from untrusted entities, where legitimate end-users can restore functionality by loading the withheld bitstream after…

Hardware intellectual property (IP) in the globalized integrated circuit (IC) supply chain is exposed to a wide range of confidentiality and integrity attacks by untrusted third-party entities. Existing IP-level countermeasures, such as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Aritra Dasgupta , Sudipta Paria , Swarup Bhunia

With the ever-increasing integration of artificial intelligence into daily life and the growing importance of well-trained models, the security of hardware accelerators supporting Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has become paramount. As a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Yazan Baddour , Ava Hedayatipour , Amin Rezaei

Intellectual Property (IP) theft is a cause of major financial and reputational damage, reportedly in the range of hundreds of billions of dollars annually in the U.S. alone. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are particularly exposed…

A massive threat to the modern and complex IC production chain is the use of untrusted off-shore foundries which are able to infringe valuable hardware design IP or to inject hardware Trojans causing severe loss of safety and security.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-04 Sebastian Wallat , Marc Fyrbiak , Moritz Schlögel , Christof Paar

Because FPGAs outperform traditional processing cores like CPUs and GPUs in terms of performance per watt and flexibility, they are being used more and more in cloud and data center applications. There are growing worries about the security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-26 Muhammed Kawser Ahmed , Sujan Kumar Saha , Christophe Bobda

Hardware Trojan detection and protection is becoming more crucial as more untrusted third parties manufacture many parts of critical systems nowadays. The most common way to detect hardware Trojans is comparing the untrusted design with a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-11-06 Amr Alanwar , Mona A. Aboelnaga , Yousra Alkabani , M. Watheq El-Kharashi , Hassan Bedour

The increasing cost of integrated circuit (IC) fabrication has driven most companies to "go fabless" over time. The corresponding outsourcing trend gave rise to various attack vectors, e.g., illegal overproduction of ICs, piracy of the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-02-26 Johann Knechtel , Satwik Patnaik , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Modern hardware systems are composed of a variety of third-party Intellectual Property (IP) cores to implement their overall functionality. Since hardware design is a globalized process involving various (untrusted) stakeholders, a secure…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-17 Julian Speith , Florian Schweins , Maik Ender , Marc Fyrbiak , Alexander May , Christof Paar

Approximate circuits often achieve exceptional trade-offs between computational accuracy and hardware efficiency, making them attractive for deployment as reusable Intellectual Property (IP) cores. However, safeguarding such circuits…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Lukas Sekanina , Vojtech Mrazek

Fault attacks enable adversaries to manipulate the control-flow of security-critical applications. By inducing targeted faults into the CPU, the software's call graph can be escaped and the control-flow can be redirected to arbitrary…

Semiconductor intellectual property (IP) theft incurs hundreds of billions in annual losses, driven by advanced reverse engineering (RE) techniques. Traditional ``cryptic'' IC camouflaging methods typically focus on hiding localized gate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Junling Fan , David Koblah , Domenic Forte

The security of FPGAs is a crucial topic, as any vulnerability within the hardware can have severe consequences, if they are used in a secure design. Since FPGA designs are encoded in a bitstream, securing the bitstream is of the utmost…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-05-31 Maik Ender , Amir Moradi , Christof Paar

Protecting integrated circuits (ICs) from piracy and theft throughout their lifecycle is a persistent and complex challenge. In order to safeguard against illicit piracy attacks, this work proposes a novel framework utilizing Non-Fungible…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Shashank Balla , Yiming Zhao , Farinaz Koushanfar

A finite impulse response (FIR) filter is a ubiquitous block in digital signal processing applications. Its characteristics are determined by its coefficients, which are the intellectual property (IP) for its designer. However, in a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-02-22 Levent Aksoy , Alexander Hepp , Johanna Baehr , Samuel Pagliarini

With the ubiquity of IoT devices there is a growing demand for confidentiality and integrity of data. Solutions based on reconfigurable logic (CPLD or FPGA) have certain advantages over ASIC and MCU/SoC alternatives. Programmable logic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-14 Sergei Skorobogatov

Designers use third-party intellectual property (IP) cores and outsource various steps in the integrated circuit (IC) design and manufacturing flow. As a result, security vulnerabilities have been rising. This is forcing IC designers and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-03-07 Hammond Pearce , Ramesh Karri , Benjamin Tan

Existing countermeasures for hardware IP protection, such as obfuscation, camouflaging, and redaction, aim to defend against confidentiality and integrity attacks. However, within the current threat model, these techniques overlook the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Aritra Dasgupta , Sudipta Paria , Christopher Sozio , Andrew Lukefahr , Swarup Bhunia

Threats associated with the untrusted fabrication of integrated circuits (ICs) are numerous: piracy, overproduction, reverse engineering, hardware trojans, etc. The use of reconfigurable elements (i.e., look-up tables as in FPGAs) is a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-10-14 Zain Ul Abideen , Tiago Diadami Perez , Samuel Pagliarini
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