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With the advancement of digital payment technologies, central banks worldwide have increasingly begun to explore the implementation of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest…

The proliferation of electric vehicles has spurred the research interest in technologies associated with it, for instance, batteries, and charging mechanisms. Moreover, the recent advancements in autonomous cars also encourage the enabling…

Limited scalability and transaction costs are, among others, some of the critical issues that hamper a wider adoption of distributed ledger technologies (DLT). That is particularly true for the Ethereum blockchain, which, so far, has been…

Digitalization appears as a lever to enhance agriculture sustainability. However, existing works on digital agriculture's own sustainability remain scarce, disregarding the environmental effects of deploying digital devices on a…

While online interactions and exchanges have grown exponentially over the past decade, most commercial infrastructures still operate through centralized protocols, and their success essentially depends on trust between different economic…

Distributed ledgers are a new type of database technology that allows open access to data stored across distributed, decentralised, publicly maintained infrastructures. Current implementations of the such ledgers expect competition between…

Notarization is a procedure that enhance data management by ensuring the authentication of data during audits, thereby increasing trust in the audited data. Blockchain is frequently used as a secure, immutable, and transparent storage,…

Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) are playing a major role in building security and trust in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, IoT deployments with a large number of devices, such as in environment monitoring applications,…

Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) can be defined as a virtual currency based on node network and digital encryption algorithm issued by a country which has a legal credit protection. CBDCs are supported by Distributed Ledger Technologies…

Recent developments in Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), including Blockchain offer new opportunities in the manufacturing domain, by providing mechanisms to automate trust services (digital identity, trusted interactions, and auditable…

As edge computing gains prominence in Internet of Things (IoTs), smart cities, and autonomous systems, the demand for real-time machine intelligence with low latency and model reliability continues to grow. Federated Learning (FL) addresses…

With the widespread adoption of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in low-voltage distribution systems, opportunities for energy trading among peers have emerged. In particular, the advent of distributed ledgers and blockchain technologies has…

It is time for the legacy financial infrastructure to seamlessly connect with modern, decentralized infrastructure. Although it is increasingly evident that decentralized infrastructure for finance (namely distributed ledgers) will coexist…

Transportation accounts for around 27% of green house gas emissions in the UK. While an obvious priority area for decarbonisation, and aligned to the UK government goal of reducing emissions by 68% for 2030, the free-market nature of the…

A global effort has been initiated to reduce the worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, primarily carbon emissions, by half by 2030 and reach net-zero by 2050. The development of 6G must also be compliant with this goal. Unfortunately,…

Traditional smart grid energy auctions cannot directly be integrated in blockchain due to its decentralized nature. Therefore, research works are being carried out to propose efficient decentralized auctions for energy trading. Since,…

Today there is considerable interest in deploying blockchains and decentralized ledger technology as a means to address the deficiencies of current financial and digital asset infrastructures. The focal point of attention in many projects…

Expanding multi-country emissions trading system is considered as crucial to fill the existing mitigation gap for the 2\degree C climate target. Trustworthy emissions accounting is the cornerstone of such a system encompassing different…

In an era dominated by the Internet of Things, ensuring the longevity and sustainability of IoT devices has emerged as a pressing concern. This study explores the various complex difficulties which contributed to the early decommissioning…

Dynamic dependability models, such as dynamic fault trees (DFTs) and dynamic reliability block diagrams (DRBDs), are introduced to overcome the modeling limitations of traditional models. Recently, higher-order logic (HOL) formalizations of…