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The early development of a zygote can be mathematically described by a developmental tree. To compare developmental trees of different species, we need to define distances on trees. If children cells after a division are not…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-06-08 Yue Wang

Phylogenetics is now fundamental in life sciences, providing insights into the earliest branches of life and the origins and spread of epidemics. However, finding suitable phylogenies from the vast space of possible trees remains…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2024-01-24 Matthew J Penn , Neil Scheidwasser , Joseph Penn , Christl A Donnelly , David A Duchêne , Samir Bhatt

Dynamical properties of a long polymer ring in a melt of unknotted and unconcatenated rings are calculated. We re-examine and generalize the well known model of a ring confined to a lattice of topological obstacles in the light of the…

软凝聚态物质 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Jan Smrek , Alexander Y. Grosberg

For two graphs S and T, the constrained Ramsey number f(S, T) is the minimum n such that every edge coloring of the complete graph on n vertices, with any number of colors, has a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to S or a rainbow (all…

组合数学 · 数学 2011-11-10 Po-Shen Loh , Benny Sudakov

A (pseudo-)metric $D$ on a finite set $X$ is said to be a `tree metric' if there is a finite tree with leaf set $X$ and non-negative edge weights so that, for all $x,y \in X$, $D(x,y)$ is the path distance in the tree between $x$ and $y$.…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-07-30 Andreas Dress , Katharina Huber , Mike Steel

We define a notion of substitution on colored binary trees that we call substreetution. We show that a fixed point by a substreetution may be (or not) almost periodic, thus the closure of the orbit under $\mathbb{F}_2^+$-action may (or not)…

动力系统 · 数学 2022-01-07 A. Baraviera , R. Leplaideur

Thomas and Williams conjectured that rowmotion acting on the rational $(a,b)$-Tamari lattice has order $a+b-1$. We construct an equivariant bijection that proves this conjecture when $b\equiv 1\pmod a$; in fact, we determine the entire…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-03-05 Colin Defant , James Lin

Let $G$ be an acylic directed graph. For each vertex $g \in G$, we define an involution on the independent sets of $G$. We call these involutions flips, and use them to define a new partial order on independent sets of $G$. Trim lattices…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-04-01 Hugh Thomas , Nathan Williams

A Random Walk in Changing Environment (RWCE) is a weighted random walk on a locally finite, connected graph $G$ with random, time-dependent edge-weights. This includes self-interacting random walks, where the edge-weights depend on the…

概率论 · 数学 2024-06-24 Bryan Park , Souvik Ray

We generalize the notion of the toggle group, as defined in [P. Cameron-D. Fon-der-Flaass '95] and further explored in [J. Striker-N. Williams '12], from the set of order ideals of a poset to any family of subsets of a finite set. We prove…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-06-22 Jessica Striker

We present a method for constructing all bounded rational motions that frame a space curve $\mathbf{r}(t)$. This means that the motion guides an orthogonal frame along the curve such that one frame axis is in direction of the curve tangent.…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-08-04 Hans-Peter Schröcker , Zbyněk Šír

A tree $T$ is said to be homogeneous if it is uniquely rooted and there exists an integer $b\meg 2$, called the branching number of $T$, such that every $t\in T$ has exactly $b$ immediate successors. A vector homogeneous tree $\mathbf{T}$…

组合数学 · 数学 2014-10-23 Pandelis Dodos , Vassilis Kanellopoulos , Konstantinos Tyros

We study commutative ring structures on the integral span of rooted trees and $n$-dimensional skew shapes. The multiplication in these rings arises from the smash product operation on monoid representations in pointed sets. We interpret…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-11-13 David Beers , Matt Szczesny

Homological algebra of modules over posets is developed, as closely parallel as possible to that of finitely generated modules over noetherian commutative rings, in the direction of finite presentations and resolutions. Centrally at issue…

代数拓扑 · 数学 2020-08-12 Ezra Miller

In this paper we study several problems concerning the number of homomorphisms of trees. We give an algorithm for the number of homomorphisms from a tree to any graph by the Transfer-matrix method. By using this algorithm and some…

组合数学 · 数学 2013-07-26 Péter Csikvári , Zhicong Lin

Nested (or reconciled) phylogenetic trees model co-evolutionary systems in which one evolutionary history is embedded within another. We introduce a geometric framework for such systems by defining $\sigma$-space, a moduli space of fully…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-16 G. Grindstaff , R. S. Hoekzema

For a poset whose Hasse diagram is a rooted plane forest $F$, we consider the corresponding tree descent polynomial $A_F(q)$, which is a generating function of the number of descents of the labelings of $F$. When the forest is a path,…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-09-02 Amy Grady , Svetlana Poznanović

A flip in a plane spanning tree $T$ is the operation of removing one edge from $T$ and adding another edge such that the resulting structure is again a plane spanning tree. For trees on a set of points in convex position we study two…

计算几何 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Oswin Aichholzer , Joseph Dorfer , Birgit Vogtenhuber

Tree-based networks are a class of phylogenetic networks that attempt to formally capture what is meant by "tree-like" evolution. A given non-tree-based phylogenetic network, however, might appear to be very close to being tree-based, or…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2020-01-17 Mareike Fischer , Andrew Francis

Ultametrics are an important class of distances used in applications such as phylogenetics, clustering and classification theory. Ultrametrics are essentially distances that can be represented by an edge-weighted rooted tree so that all of…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-02-13 Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton , Guillaume E. Scholz