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In this paper, a linear programming problem is investigated in which the feasible region is formed as a special type of fuzzy relational equalities (FRE). In this type of FRE, fuzzy composition is considered as the weighted power mean…
In this note, we make some observations about the equivalences between regularized estimating equations, fixed-point problems and variational inequalities. A summary of our findings is given below: (a) A regularized estimating equation is…
We present useful connections between the finite difference and the finite element methods for a model boundary value problem. We start from the observation that, in the finite element context, the interpolant of the solution in one…
Our goal is to finally settle the persistent problem in Diophantine Approximation of finding best linear approximates. Classical results from the theory of continued fractions provide the solution for the special homogeneous case in the…
We show that a simple and straightforward rational approximation to the Thomas--Fermi equation provides the slope at origin with unprecedented accuracy. We compare present approach with other available ones.
The solution to empirical risk minimization with $f$-divergence regularization (ERM-$f$DR) is presented under mild conditions on $f$. Under such conditions, the optimal measure is shown to be unique. Examples of the solution for particular…
Exactly solving first-order constraints (i.e., first-order formulas over a certain predefined structure) can be a very hard, or even undecidable problem. In continuous structures like the real numbers it is promising to compute approximate…
We develop a maximum relative entropy formalism to generate optimal approximations to probability distributions. The central results consist in (a) justifying the use of relative entropy as the uniquely natural criterion to select a…
We give a reciprocity formula for a two-variable sum where the variables satisfy a linear congruence condition. We also prove that such sum is a measure of how well a rational is approximable from below and show that the reciprocity formula…
In this work, an efficient approximation scheme has been proposed for getting accurate approximate solution of nonlinear partial differential equations with constant or variable coefficients satisfying initial conditions in a series of…
Mathematical proofs are often said to justify their conclusions by indicating the existence of a corresponding formal derivation. We argue that this widespread view relies on an under-examined notion of correspondence, or what it means for…
Because of the finiteness of the life span and boundedness of the physical space, the more reasonable or physical choice is the tempered power-law instead of pure power-law for the CTRW model in characterizing the waiting time and jump…
We present in this paper a first-order axiomatization of an extended theory $T$ of finite or infinite trees, built on a signature containing an infinite set of function symbols and a relation $\fini(t)$ which enables to distinguish between…
Criteria for the existence of $T$-periodic solutions of nonautonomous parabolic equation $u_t = \Delta u + f(t,x,u)$, $x\in\mathbb{R}^N$, $t>0$ with asymptotically linear $f$ will be provided. It is expressed in terms of time average…
This paper provides formulas for calculating of Fr\'{e}chet and limiting normal cones with respect to a set of sets and the limiting coderivative with respect to a set of set-valued mappings. These calculations are obtained under some…
This paper investigates the strict comparison theorem under the framework of $G$-expectation, i.e., let $X\leq Y$ q.s., if $X,Y$ satisfy some additional conditions, then $\E[X]<\E[Y]$.
Large language models (LLMs) often solve challenging math exercises yet fail to apply the concept right when the problem requires genuine understanding. Popular Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) pipelines reinforce final…
We perform a detailed study of a simple mathematical model addressing the problem of optimally regulating a process subject to periodic external forcing, which is interesting both in view of its direct applications and as a prototype for…
The aim of this expository article is to present recent developments in the centuries old discussion on the interrelations between continuous and differentiable real valued functions of one real variable. The truly new results include,…
It is known that the function $f(e^x)/g(e^x)$ is positive definite for some functions $f,g$ implies the operator norm inequality related to $f,g$. We treat functions which have the following form: $f(t) = t^{(1-\sum_{i=1}^n…