相关论文: The Banach-Tarski Paradox
The Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser experiment is commonly interpreted as implying that in quantum mechanics a choice made at one time can influence an earlier event. We here suggest an extension of the experiment that results in a paradox…
The concept of informal mathematical proof considered in intuitionism is apparently vulnerable to a version of the liar paradox. However, a careful reevaluation of this concept reveals a subtle error whose correction blocks the…
A theorem, usually attributed to Barr, yields that (A) geometric implications deduced in classical L_{\infty\omega} logic from geometric theories also have intuitionistic proofs. Barr's theorem is of a topos-theoretic nature and its proof…
An apparent paradox proposed by Aharonov and Vaidman in which a single particle can be found with certainty in two (or more) boxes is analyzed by way of a simple thought experiment. It is found that the apparent paradox arises from an…
We begin with a brief treatment of Hausdorff measure and Hausdorff dimension. We then explain some of the principal results in Diophantine approximation and the Hausdorff dimension of related sets, originating in the pioneering work of…
The "paradox" arises in the Two Envelopes Paradox from the incorrect formulation of the argument. The infomation given is misused and therefore the results are incorrect for the question asked. The key is to be clear on what question we are…
Zeno's paradoxes are explained as being the result of inappropriate combination of discrete and continuous mathematical systems. It is proposed that the source of this confusion lies in the course of development of the number system, which…
In this paper the theory of uniformly convex metric spaces is developed. These spaces exhibit a generalized convexity of the metric from a fixed point. Using a (nearly) uniform convexity property a simple proof of reflexivity is presented…
The so-called Lindley paradox is a counterintuitive statistical effect where the Bayesian and frequentist approaches to hypothesis testing give radically different answers, depending on the choice of the prior distribution. In this paper we…
Simpson's paradox and collapsibility are two closely related concepts in the context of data analysis. While the knowledge about the occurrence of Simpson's paradox helps a statistician to draw correct and meaningful conclusions, the…
The investigations on higher-order type theories and on the related notion of parametric polymorphism constitute the technical counterpart of the old foundational problem of the circularity (or impredicativity) of second and higher order…
The aim of this note is to present two results that make the task of finding equivalent polyhedral norms on certain Banach spaces, having either a Schauder basis or an uncountable unconditional basis, easier and more transparent. The…
We describe (infinite-dimensional) irreducible representations of the crossed product C$^*$-algebra associated with a topological dynamical system (based on $Z$) and we show that their restrictions to the underling $\ell^1$-Banach…
Twisted K-theory has its origins in the author's PhD thesis [27] : http://www.numdam.org/item?id=ASENS_1968_4_1_2_161_0 and in the paper with P. Donovan http://www.numdam.org/item?id=PMIHES_1970__38__5_0 The objective of this paper is to…
The paper is a complement to the survey: M.I.Ostrovskii "To\-po\-lo\-gies on the set of all subspaces of a Banach space and related questions of Banach space geometry", Quaestiones Math. (to appear). It contains proofs of some results on…
We reveal a contradiction in measure-theoretic probability. The contradiction is an "equation" $1/2 = 0$ with its two sides representing probabilities. Unlike known paradoxes in mathematics, the revealed contradiction cannot be explained…
We introduce the $k$-variable-occurrence fragment, which is the set of terms having at most $k$ occurrences of variables. We give a sufficient condition for the decidability of the equational theory of the $k$-variable-occurrence fragment…
We report an inconsistency found in probability theory (also referred to as measure-theoretic probability). For probability measures induced by real-valued random variables, we deduce an "equality" such that one side of the "equality" is a…
The problem of defining and locating free will (FW) in physics is studied. On basis of logical paradoxes, we argue that FW has a meta-theoretic character, like the concept of truth in Tarski's undefinability theorem. Free will exists…
We recently considered the task of summoning an unknown quantum state and proved necessary and sufficient conditions for Alice to be able to guarantee to complete the task when there may be several possible calls, of which she need only…