相关论文: Influence of entropy changes on reactor period

Entropy creation rate is introduced for a system interacting with thermostats ({\it i.e.}, in the usual language, for a system subject to internal conservative forces interacting with ``external'' thermostats via conservative forces) and a…

Time-dependent quantities are calculated in the linear response limit for a correlated one dimensional model atom driven by an external quadrupolar time-dependent field. Besides the analysis of the time-evolving energy change in the…

We consider a two level system coupled to a thermal bath and we investigate the variation of energy transferred to the reservoir as a function of time. The physical quantity under investigation is the time-dependent quantum average power.…

The pattern of radiation energy deposition in substances at the microscopic level of lattice, molecule size, or the cell's nucleus is not uniform. The energy of radiation is transferred to the substance medium in the form of discrete,…

The thermalization process is studied in an expanding parton gas using the Boltzmann equation with two types of collision terms. In the relaxation time approximation we determine the criteria under which a time-dependent relaxation time…

We study the production of entropy in the context of a nonequilibrium chiral phase transition. The dynamical symmetry breaking is modeled by a Langevin equation for the order parameter coupled to the Bjorken dynamics of a quark plasma. We…

Transfer reactions are an important tool in nuclear astrophysics. These reactions allow us to identify states in nuclei and to find the corresponding energies, to determine if these states can contribute to astrophysical nuclear reactions…

We consider conservative quantum evolutions possibly interrupted by macroscopic measurements. When started in a nonequilibrium state, the resulting path-space measure is not time-reversal invariant and the weight of time-reversal breaking…

The nuclear compressibility has a role in nuclear physics in several ways. Its relationship to the giant monopole is well known and has been subject of much theoretical work. Less well known is its affect on in nuclear structure, namely…

A fluctuation theorem for the nonequilibrium entropy production in quantum phase space is derived, which enables the consistent thermodynamic description of arbitrary quantum systems, open and closed. The new treatment naturally generalizes…

It is possible to extract work from a quantum-mechanical system whose dynamics is governed by a time-dependent cyclic Hamiltonian. An energy bath is required to operate such a quantum engine in place of the heat bath used to run a…

A general relation between entropy and an evolutionary superoperator is derived based on the theory of the real-time formulation. The formulation establishing the relation relies only on the framework of quantum statistical mechanics and…

Both in atomic physics and in mesoscopic physics it is sometimes interesting to consider the energy time-dependence of a parametrically-driven chaotic system. We assume an Hamiltonian ${\cal H}(Q,P;x(t))$ where $x(t)=Vt$. The velocity $V$…

The thermal diffusion of a free particle is a random process and generates entropy at a rate equal to twice the particle temperature in natural units of information per second. The rate is calculated using a Gaussian process with a variance…

Transition State Theory forms the basis of computing reaction rates in chemical and other systems. Recently it has been shown how transition state theory can rigorously be realized in phase space using an explicit algorithm. The…

Recent work has shown that the stress tensor components, such as energy density or pressure, of a quantum field can be subject to large vacuum fluctuations. The energy density or pressure must be averaged in time before the fluctuations can…

We study the entropy production of a system with a finite number of states connected by random transition rates. The stationary entropy production, driven out of equilibrium both by asymmetric transition rates and by an external probability…

Time dependent entropy of constant force motion is investigated. Their joint entropy so called Leipnik's entropy is obtained. The main purpose of this work is to calculate Leipnik's entropy by using time dependent wave function which is…

New exact results about the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open quantum systems at arbitrary timescales are obtained by considering all possible variations of initial conditions of a system, its environment, and correlations between them.…

Phase transitions generically occur in random matrix models as the parameters in the joint probability distribution of the random variables are varied. They affect all main features of the theory and the interpretation of statistical models…