相关论文: Influence of entropy changes on reactor period

An ensemble of trajectories with dynamical activity and first-passage time (FPT) is considered in the context of the thermodynamics of trajectories. The relationship between the average FPT and the total change in entropy is determined,…

The nucleation process under different external conditions is considered. It is shown that the duration of this process can be connected with the microscopic corrections to the free energy of the critical embryo. Connection between…

A simple and rapid method is proposed for assessing the reduction in the lifetime of steel walls of the reactor vessel under neutron irradiation. The method is based on modeling the number of radiation defects by the behavior of a general…

All real physical processes, including of the first-passage time, occur with a change in entropy. This circumstance is not taken into account when studying the first-passage time, but is illustrated in this article using the example of…

To stabilize the periodic operation of a chemical reactor the oscillation period should be determined precisely in real time. The method discussed in the paper is based on adaptive sampling of the state variable with the use of chaotic…

Nuclei undergo a phase transition in nuclear reactions according to a caloric curve determined by the amount of entropy. Here, the generation of entropy is studied in relation to the size of the nuclear system.

The first-passage time is proposed as an independent thermodynamic parameter of the statistical distribution that generalizes the Gibbs distribution. The theory does not include the determination of the first passage statistics itself. A…

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation expresses a universal trade-off between precision and entropy production, which applies in its original formulation to current observables in steady-state systems. We generalize this relation to…

The formalism used in describing the thermodynamics of abrupt (or first-order) phase transitions is reviewed as an application of maximum entropy inference. In this treatment, we show that the concepts of transition temperature, latent heat…

The problem of estimating entropy production from incomplete information in stochastic thermodynamics is essential for theory and experiments. Whereas a considerable amount of work has been done on this topic, arguably, most of it is…

We analyze phase transitions in the conditional entropy of a sequence caused by a change in the conditional variables. Such transitions happen, for example, when training to learn the parameters of a system, since the transition from the…

Since the 1930s, and with very few exceptions, it has been assumed that the process of radioactive decay is a random process, unaffected by the environment in which the decaying nucleus resides. There have been instances within the past few…

Deeper insight into the features of a reactor as a source of antineutrinos is required for making further advances in studying the fundamental properties of the neutrino. The relationship between the thermal power of a reactor and the rate…

In contrast to common opinion, it is shown that equilibrium constants determine the time-dependent behavior of particular ratios of concentrations for any system of reversible first-order reactions. Indeed, some special ratios actually…

Atomic electrons are sensitive to the properties of the nucleus they are bound to, such as nuclear mass, charge distribution, spin, magnetization distribution, or even excited level scheme. These nuclear parameters are reflected in the…

Anti-neutrino emission rates from nuclear reactors are determined from thermal power measurements and fission rate calculations. The uncertainties in these quantities for commercial power plants and their impact on the calculated…

Energy-time uncertainty plays an important role in quantum foundations and technologies, and it was even discussed by the founders of quantum mechanics. However, standard approaches (e.g., Robertson's uncertainty relation) do not apply to…

Entropy generation in a chemical reaction is analyzed without using the general formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics at a level adequate for advanced undergraduates. In a first approach to the problem, the phenomenological kinetic…

We study the temporal rate of variations of the von Neumann entropy in an open quantum system which interacts with a bath. We show that for almost all initial states of the bath and the system, the time-average of the rate of entropy change…

In their ground states, atomic nuclei are quantum Fermi liquids. At finite temperatures and low densities, these nuclei may undergo a phase change similar to, but substantially different from, a classical liquid gas phase transition. As in…