相关论文: Influence of entropy changes on reactor period

All the laws of physics are time-reversible. Time arrow emerges only when ensembles of classical particles are treated probabilistically, outside of physics laws, and the entropy and the second law of thermodynamics are introduced. In…

The spectroscopic factor has long played a central role in nuclear reaction theory. However, it is not an observable. Consequently it is of minimal use as a meeting point between theory and experiment. In this paper the nature of the…

Astrophysical reaction rates are sensitive to the parity distribution at low excitation energies. We combine a formula for the energy-dependent parity distribution with a microscopic-macroscopic nuclear level density. This approach…

The information on a quantum process acquired through measurements plays a crucial role in the determination of its non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties. We report on the experimental inference of the stochastic entropy production rate…

The stochastic entropy generated during the evolution of a system interacting with an environment may be separated into three components, but only two of these have a non-negative mean. The third component of entropy production is…

The nuclear symmetry energy characterizes the variation of the binding energy as the neutron to proton ratio of a nuclear system is varied. This is one of the most important features of nuclear physics in general, since it is just related…

Quantum operations represented by completely positive maps encompass many of the physical processes and have been very powerful in describing quantum computation and information processing tasks. We introduce the notion of relative phase…

A very simplified model of the Universe is considered in order to propose an alternative approach to the irreversible evolution of the Universe at very early times. The entropy generation at the quantum stage can be thought as a consequence…

The nuclear symmetry energy is a fundamental quantity important for studying the structure of systems as diverse as the atomic nucleus and the neutron star. Considerable efforts are being made to experimentally extract the symmetry energy…

Itinerant ferromagnetism is one of the most studied quantum phase transitions, the transition point and the nature of this phase transition being widely discussed. In dilute Fermi liquids, this analysis has been carried out up to…

Neutrons in a nuclear reactor move along trajectories corresponding to Cayley trees associated with branching random processes. The probability of percolation, the appearance of such a state of the Bethe lattice in which there is at least…

We define an entropy for a quantum field theory by combining quantum fluctuations, scaling and the maximum entropy concept. This entropy has different behavior in asymptotically free and non--asymptotically free theories. We find that the…

The pattern of isentropes in the vicinity of a first-order phase transition is proposed as a key for a sub-classification. While the confinement--deconfinement transition, conjectured to set in beyond a critical end point in the QCD phase…

Flux is an important source of uncertainties for a reactor neutrino experiment. It is determined from thermal power measurements, reactor core simulation, and knowledge of neutrino spectra of fuel isotopes. Past reactor neutrino experiments…

We consider a quantum system strongly driven by forces that are periodic in time. The theorem concerns the probability $P(e)$ of observing a given energy change $e$ after a number of cycles. If the system is thermostated by a (quantum)…

The quantitative description of the effects of nuclear dynamics on the measured neutrino-nucleus cross sections -- needed to reduce the systematic uncertainty of long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments -- involves severe…

For discrete-time stochastic processes, there is a close connection between return/waiting times and entropy. Such a connection cannot be straightforwardly extended to the continuous-time setting. Contrarily to the discrete-time case one…

A simple statistical model in terms of light-front kinematic variables is used to explain the nuclear EMC effect in the range $x \in [0.2,~0.7]$, which was constructed by us previously to calculate the parton distribution functions (PDFs)…

One of the defining traits of quantum mechanics is the uncertainty principle which was originally expressed in terms of the standard deviation of two observables. Alternatively, it can be formulated using entropic measures, and can also be…

A model in which a projectile like fragment can be simply regarded as a remnant after removal of some part of the projectile leads to an excited fragment. This excitation energy can be calculated with a Hamiltonian that gives correct…