相关论文: Influence of entropy changes on reactor period
The classical problem of thermal explosion is modified so that the chemically active gas is not at rest but is flowing in a long cylindrical pipe. Up to a certain section the heat-conducting walls of the pipe are held at low temperature so…
A dynamical process that takes a random time to complete, e.g., a chemical reaction, may either be accelerated or hindered due to resetting. Tuning system parameters such as temperature, viscosity or concentration, can invert the effect of…
Quantum mechanical tunneling of atoms is increasingly found to play an important role in many chemical transformations. Experimentally, atom-tunneling can be indirectly detected by temperature-independent rate constants at low temperature…
Nuclear reaction rates determine the abundances of isotopes in stellar burning processes. A multitude of reactions determine the reaction flow pattern which is described in terms of reaction network simulations. The reaction rates are…
Phase transitions which occur at zero temperature when some non-thermal parameter like pressure, chemical composition or magnetic field is changed are called quantum phase transitions. They are caused by quantum fluctuations which are a…
The thermodynamic properties of nuclei are studied in a mean field model using a Skryme interaction. Properties of two component systems are investigated over the complete range of proton fraction from a system of pure neutrons to a system…
A ballistic atom pump is a system containing two reservoirs of neutral atoms or molecules and a junction connecting them containing a localized time-varying potential. Atoms move through the pump as independent particles. Under certain…
We test Boltzmann's H-theorem for several models of particle random walk. We study the influence of interaction between the particle and reservoir/detectors on entropy and find entropy increasing in time for some models and behaving…
The most important recent results in the theory of phase transitions and quantum effects in quantum anharmonic crystals are presented and discussed. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for a phase transition to occur at some…
The calculations of the time-dependent reactor antineutrino energy spectrum are presented. Some problems associated with sensitive searches for neutrino magnetic moment and neutrino oscillations in reactor antineutrino flux are considered.
The Renyi entropy is a generalization of the usual concept of entropy which depends on a parameter q. In fact, Renyi entropy is closely related to free energy. Suppose we start with a system in thermal equilibrium and then suddenly divide…
Complex transition density can be constructed by a nuclear structure model with a complex basis and/or complex coefficient. In general, the complex transition density is converted to the real one with phase factor. In this study, we apply…
First order phase transitions proceed via nucleation. The rate of nucleation varies exponentially with the free-energy barrier to nucleation, and so is highly sensitive to variations in this barrier. In practice, very few systems are…
The information entropy of a nuclear density distribution is calculated for a number of nuclei. Various phenomenological models for the density distribution using different geometry are employed. Nuclear densities calculated within various…
The nucleosynthesis and other observable consequences of a nova outburst depend sensitively on the details of the thermonuclear runaway which initiates the outburst. One important source of uncertainty in our current models is the nuclear…
Applying boundary functionals of random risk processes to various physical problems makes it possible to determine many important characteristics of these problems. For example, a special case of boundary functionals is the time to first…
The equation of state of hot, dense nuclear matter plays a fundamental role in many areas. However, owing to the nonperturbative nature of strong interactions, a reliable treatment is still under debate. We use a symmetry-preserving…
We apply quantum rate theory to calculate the transition rates as hydrogen or deuterium atoms escape from a vacancy trap in iron into a neighbouring metastable site. We determine transition rates and corresponding activation energies over a…
Entropy production is a key quantity in any finite-time thermodynamic process. It is intimately tied with the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, embodying a tool to extend thermodynamic considerations all the way to non-equilibrium…
The proper definition of entropy is fundamental to the relationship between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. It also plays a major role in the recent debate about the validity of the concept of negative temperature. In this paper,…