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We consider conditions under which an isolated quantum system approaches a microcanonical equilibrium state. A key component is the eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis, which proposes that all energy eigenstates appear thermal. We…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-09-01 Joe Dunlop , Oliver Cohen , Anthony J. Short

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) explains emergence of the thermodynamic equilibrium by assuming a particular structure of observable's matrix elements in the energy eigenbasis. Schematically, it postulates that off-diagonal…

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) explains how generic quantum many-body systems thermalize internally. It implies that local operators' time-averaged expectation values approximately equal their thermal expectation values,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-12-12 Aleksander Lasek , Jae Dong Noh , Jade LeSchack , Nicole Yunger Halpern

With increasing subsystem size and energy, bipartite entanglement entropies of energy eigenstates cross over from the groundstate scaling to a volume law. In previous work, we pointed out that, when strong or weak eigenstate thermalization…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-02-09 Qiang Miao , Thomas Barthel

We discuss eigenstate correlations for ergodic, spatially extended many-body quantum systems, in terms of the statistical properties of matrix elements of local observables. While the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is known to…

统计力学 · 物理学 2019-06-11 Amos Chan , Andrea De Luca , J. T. Chalker

We study eigenstate thermalization and related signatures of quantum chaos in the one-dimensional ferromagnetic transverse-field Ising model with power-law interactions. The presence of long-range interactions allows for a…

统计力学 · 物理学 2017-06-13 Keith R. Fratus , Mark Srednicki

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a major role in understanding thermodynamic phenomena in closed quantum systems. However, its connection to the timescale of thermalization for open system dynamics has remained…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-30 Chi-Fang Chen , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

In an isolated quantum many-body system undergoing unitary evolution, we study the thermalization of a subsystem, treating the rest of the system as a bath. In this setting, the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) was proposed to…

统计力学 · 物理学 2023-11-30 Aram W. Harrow , Yichen Huang

The thermalizing dynamics of many-body systems is often described through the lens of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). ETH postulates that the statistical properties of observables, when expressed in the energy eigenbasis,…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-04-01 Jiaozi Wang , Ruchira Mishra , Tian-Hua Yang , Luca V. Delacrétaz , Silvia Pappalardi

We investigate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) of highly excited descendant states in two-dimensional large central charge $c$ conformal field theory. We use operator product expansion of twist operators to calculate the…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2019-01-29 Wu-zhong Guo , Feng-Li Lin , Jiaju Zhang

We revisit the J1-J2 frustrated Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain with dimerization ({\delta}) or modulation in the nearest-neighbor couplings to investigate its thermalization behavior. While the dimerization tends to induce localization, the…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-08-05 Smitarani Mishra , Shaon Sahoo

We derive the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) from a random matrix Hamiltonian by extending the model introduced by J. M. Deutsch [Phys. Rev. A 43, 2046 (1991)]. We approximate the coupling between a subsystem and a many-body…

统计力学 · 物理学 2018-09-26 Charlie Nation , Diego Porras

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) offers a universal mechanism for the approach to equilibrium of closed quantum many-body systems. So far, however, experimental studies have focused on the relaxation dynamics of observables as…

量子气体 · 物理学 2020-12-15 Alexander Schuckert , Michael Knap

An isolated quantum many-body system in an initial pure state will come to thermal equilibrium if it satisfies the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). We consider alternatives to ETH that have been proposed. We first show that von…

统计力学 · 物理学 2012-03-15 Marcos Rigol , Mark Srednicki

Chaos and ergodicity are the cornerstones of statistical physics and thermodynamics. While classically even small systems like a particle in a two-dimensional cavity, can exhibit chaotic behavior and thereby relax to a microcanonical…

量子气体 · 物理学 2017-07-19 Anatoli Polkovnikov , Dries Sels

It is commonly believed that quantum isolated systems satisfying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) are diffusive. We show that this assumption is too restrictive, since there are systems that are asymptotically in a thermal…

统计力学 · 物理学 2016-10-25 David J. Luitz , Yevgeny Bar Lev

We present preliminary numerical evidence for the hypothesis that the Hamiltonian SU(2) gauge theory discretized on a lattice obeys the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). To do so we study three approximations: (a) a linear…

高能物理 - 格点 · 物理学 2024-08-29 Lukas Ebner , Berndt Müller , Andreas Schäfer , Clemens Seidl , Xiaojun Yao

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis explains thermalization in isolated quantum systems through the statistical properties of observables in the energy eigenbasis. We investigate the crossover from integrability to chaos in the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-15 Shivam Mishra , C Jisha , Ravi Prakash

In this work, we use quantum complexity theory to quantify the difficulty of distinguishing eigenstates obeying the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). After identifying simple operators with an algebra of low-energy observables and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-08-11 Ning Bao , Jason Pollack , David Wakeham , Elizabeth Wildenhain

We calculate various quantities that characterize the dissimilarity of reduced density matrices for a short interval of length $\ell$ in a two-dimensional (2D) large central charge conformal field theory (CFT). These quantities include the…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2017-12-25 Song He , Feng-Li Lin , Jia-ju Zhang