相关论文: The birthday boy problem
There are only aleph-zero rational numbers, while there are 2 to the power aleph-zero real numbers. Hence the probability that a randomly chosen real number would be rational is 0. Yet proving rigorously that any specific, natural, real…
We present new results on finite satisfiability of logics with counting and arithmetic. One result is a tight bound on the complexity of satisfiability of logics with so-called local Presburger quantifiers, which sum over neighbors of a…
Conrey, Farmer and Zirnbauer introduced a recipe to find asymptotic formulas for the sum of ratios of products of shifted L-functions. These ratios conjectures are very powerful and can be used to determine many statistics of L-functions,…
Conway and Coxeter have shown that frieze patterns over positive rational integers are in bijection with triangulations of polygons. An investigation of frieze patterns over other subsets of the complex numbers has recently been initiated…
The problem of finding itemsets that are statistically significantly enriched in a class of transactions is complicated by the need to correct for multiple hypothesis testing. Pruning untestable hypotheses was recently proposed as a…
We refine a result of W.P. Li and Wang on the values of the form $ \lambda_1p_1 + \lambda_2p_2^{2} + \lambda_3p_3^{2} + \mu_1 2^{m_1} +...+ \mu_s 2^{m_s}, $ where $p_1,p_2,p_3$ are prime numbers, $m_1,..., m_s$ are positive integers,…
We prove that the set of complex irrationals whose partial quotients in their Hurwitz continued fraction expansion are naturally regarded as subsets of $\mathbb Z^2$ and contain infinitely many homothetic copies of any finite subset of…
In this paper, we study inhomogeneous Diophantine approximation with rational numbers of reduced form. The central object to study is the set $W(f,\theta)$ as follows, \begin{eqnarray*} \left\{x\in [0,1]:\left…
The coefficient of x^{-1} of a formal Laurent series f(x) is called the formal residue of f(x). Many combinatorial numbers can be represented by the formal residues of hypergeometric terms. With these representations and the extended…
During the last decades, a lot of effort was put into identifying decidable fragments of first-order logic. Such efforts gave birth, among the others, to the two-variable fragment and the guarded fragment, depending on the type of…
We apply the theory of disconjugate linear recurrence relations to the study of irrational quantities in number theory. In particular, for an irrational number associated with solutions of three-term linear recurrence relations we show that…
We give two elementary proofs, at a level understandable by students with only pre-calculus knowledge of Algebra, of the well known fact that an irreducible irrational n-th root of a positive rational number cannot be solution of a…
The Mandelbrot set is an extremely well-known mathematical object that can be described in a quite simple way but has very interesting and non-trivial properties. This paper surveys some results that are known concerning the…
We consider semigroup algorithmic problems in the wreath product $\mathbb{Z} \wr \mathbb{Z}$. Our paper focuses on two decision problems introduced by Choffrut and Karhum\"{a}ki (2005): the Identity Problem (does a semigroup contain the…
In the study of random access machines (RAMs) it has been shown that the availability of an extra input integer, having no special properties other than being sufficiently large, is enough to reduce the computational complexity of some…
We study formal languages which are capable of fully expressing quantitative probabilistic reasoning and do-calculus reasoning for causal effects, from a computational complexity perspective. We focus on satisfiability problems whose…
Problems related to the existence of integral and rational points on cubic curves date back at least to Diophantus. A significant step in the modern theory of these equations was made by Siegel, who proved that a non-singular plane cubic…
Let $1<k<7/6$, $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3$ and $\lambda_4$ be non-zero real numbers, not all of the same sign such that $\lambda_1/\lambda_2$ is irrational and let $\omega$ be a real number. We prove that the inequality…
In this paper, we propose various sufficient conditions to determine if a given real number is an irrational number or a transcendental number and also apply these conditions to some interesting examples, particularly,one of them comes from…
Dick Askey is known not just for his beautiful mathematics and his many amazing theorems, but also for posing numerous interesting and important open problems. Dick being Dick, these problems are hardly ever isolated, and often intended to…