相关论文: Hardness of busy beaver value BB(15)
Constant bit-size Transformers are known to be Turing complete, but existing constructions require $\Omega(s(n))$ chain-of-thought (CoT) steps per simulated Turing machine (TM) step, leading to impractical reasoning lengths. In this paper,…
Since Cocke and Minsky proved 2-tag systems universal, they have been extensively used to prove the universality of numerous computational models. Unfortunately, all known algorithms give universal 2-tag systems that have a large number of…
The halting problem is undecidable --- but can it be solved for "most" inputs? This natural question was considered in a number of papers, in different settings. We revisit their results and show that most of them can be easily proven in a…
The purpose of this article is to study the algorithmic complexity of the Besicovitch stability of noisy subshifts of finite type, a notion studied in a previous article. First, we exhibit an unstable aperiodic tiling, and then see how it…
The logarithm of the number of binary n-variable bent functions is asymptotically less than $11(2^n)/32$ as n tends to infinity. Keywords: boolean function, Walsh--Hadamard transform, plateaued function, bent function, upper bound
We consider networks of processes which interact with beeps. In the basic model defined by Cornejo and Kuhn, which we refer to as the $BL$ variant, processes can choose in each round either to beep or to listen. Those who beep are unable to…
In this paper, we study the quantity of computational resources (state machine states and/or probabilistic transition precision) needed to solve specific problems in a single hop network where nodes communicate using only beeps. We begin by…
The aim of this paper is to undertake an experimental investigation of the trade-offs between program-size and time computational complexity. The investigation includes an exhaustive exploration and systematic study of the functions…
A natural measure of smoothness of a Boolean function is its sensitivity (the largest number of Hamming neighbors of a point which differ from it in function value). The structure of smooth or equivalently low-sensitivity functions is still…
Since many real-world problems arising in the fields of compiler optimisation, automated software engineering, formal proof systems, and so forth are equivalent to the Halting Problem--the most notorious undecidable problem--there is a…
Following Stolarsky, we say that a natural number n is flimsy in base b if some positive multiple of n has smaller digit sum in base b than n does; otherwise it is sturdy. We develop algorithmic methods for the study of sturdy and flimsy…
A fully-automated algorithm is developed able to show that evaluation of a given untyped lambda-expression will terminate under CBV (call-by-value). The ``size-change principle'' from first-order programs is extended to arbitrary untyped…
"The Baron's omni-sequence", B(n), first defined by Khovanova and Lewis (2011), is a sequence that gives for each n the minimum number of weighings on balance scales that can verify the correct labeling of n identically-looking coins with…
Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) performs statistical inference for otherwise intractable probability models by accepting parameter proposals when corresponding simulated datasets are sufficiently close to the observations. Producing…
Working in the Blum-Shub-Smale model of computation on the real numbers, we answer several questions of Meer and Ziegler. First, we show that, for each natural number d, an oracle for the set of algebraic real numbers of degree at most d is…
The Collatz conjecture, also known as the 3n+1 problem, is one of the most popular open problems in number theory. In this note, an algorithm for the verification of the Collatz conjecture is presented that works on a standard PC for…
Let $b \geq 3$ be a positive integer. A natural number is said to be a base-$b$ Zuckerman number if it is divisible by the product of its base-$b$ digits. Let $\mathcal{Z}_b(x)$ be the set of base-$b$ Zuckerman numbers that do not exceed…
The Barzilai-Borwein (BB) method is a popular and efficient tool for solving large-scale unconstrained optimization problems. Its search direction is the same as for the steepest descent (Cauchy) method, but its stepsize rule is different.…
In this note, we consider the minimum number of NOT operators in a Boolean formula representing a Boolean function. In circuit complexity theory, the minimum number of NOT gates in a Boolean circuit computing a Boolean function $f$ is…
The 4-qubit unextendible product basis (UPB) has been recently studied by [Johnston, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47 (2014) 424034]. From this result we show that there is only one UPB of size $6$ and six UPBs of size $9$ in…